超大型金刚石矿床、磷矿床、油气田、油页岩矿床与碳质球粒陨石星子的成因联系  

GENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF SUPERGIANT DIAMOND DEPOSITS, PHOSPHORITE DEPOSITS, OIL-GAS FIELDS AND OIL SHALE DEPOSITS TO CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE PLANETESIMALS

作　　者：柳志青[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学

出　　处：《矿床地质》1990年第3期279-286,共8页Mineral Deposits

摘　　要：通过对太阳系起源的研究,笔者指出,超大型金刚石矿床、磷矿床、油气田和油页岩矿床,都与碳质球粒陨石星子有成因联系。碳质球粒陨石星子被吸积于原始地球上地幔表层,形成原始富碳区。当地壳形成后,富碳区的岩石圈没有被软流层的对流作用均匀化,并在155—250km深度范围内,碳质聚合成金刚石。随着金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩岩浆侵位,金刚石被带入地壳上部形成金刚石矿床。在富碳区,除金刚石矿床外,还形成了超基性岩-碱性岩-碳酸岩富磷杂岩体及超大型,大型磷灰石矿床。富磷杂岩体为超人型磷块岩矿床的形成提供了成矿物质,也为成油生物群的繁殖提供了矿物养料,从而为形成超大型油气、油页岩矿床创造了物质条件。碳质球粒陨石中的有机质在高温条件下合成油气,被封存于大陆岩石圈上地幔部分,在构造条件有利时进入储油构造,促进了超大型油气田的形成。超大型矿床的存在,是岩石圈成矿物质横向不均匀性的反映。Based on a study of the origin of the solar system, the author believes that there exists genetic relationship of supergiant diamond deposits, phosphorite deposits, oil-gas fields and oil shale deposits with carbonaceous chondrite planetesimals. Carbonaceous chondrite planetesimals were adsorbed on the mantle surface of the primitive earth, forming primitive carbon-rich areas. After the formation of the crust, the Jithosphere in the carbon-rich areas was not homogenized by the convection of the asthenosphere, and carbonaceous substances were accumulated to form diamond within the depth of 155-250km. With the emplacement of kimberlitic and potash-magnesian lamprophyric magma, diamond was brought into the upper crust, forming diamond deposits. In carbon-rich areas, ultrabasic rocks-alkalic rocks-carbonate phosphorus-rich complexes as well as supergiant and large-sized phosphorte deposits were also formed besides diamond deposits. The phosphorus-rich complexes provided not only minerogenic materials for the formation of supergiant phosphorite deposits, but also mineral nutrients for the propagation of oil-forming biota, thus creating material prerequisite for the formation of supergiant oil-gas and oil shale deposits. Under the condition of high temperatures the organic substances in carbonaceous ehondrite were combined into oil and gases,which were confined to the upper mantle but entered oil-bearing structures wherever the structural conditions were favorable, hence stimulating the formation of giant oilgas fields.The presence of upergiant ore deposits is a manifestation of lateral non-uniformity of ore-forming materials in the lithosphere.

关 键 词：金刚石矿 磷矿 油气田 油页岩 陨石 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]