人体行走过程中上肢运动仿真及生物力学特征分析  

Kinematics Simulation and Biomechanics Characteristic Analysis of Upper Extremity during Human Walking

作　　者：王洪生[1] 白雪岭[1] 张希安[1] 张琳琳[1] 王成焘[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报》2009年第8期1302-1306,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(30530230;30470455);上海市体育局科研攻关与科技服务项目资助(07JT018)

摘　　要：为了分析人体行走过程中上肢运动状态的影响因素,对正常步态下人体上肢运动仿真模型与理想单摆模型进行了对比分析.以7名(4男,3女)步态无异常的志愿者为研究对象,采集人体测量学参数,建立上肢理想单摆模型.采用运动捕捉系统及肌电测量系统,对志愿者常速(1.2 m/s)步行下的上肢运动以及肩关节周围6组肌肉的肌电信号进行同步测量,并基于所测运动学参数对人体行走中上肢运动进行仿真,计算实际肩关节角位移和角速度,分析相关肌肉的肌电信号特征.理想模型与实际测量结果比较表明,不同志愿者在同速行走过程中上肢的摆动周期相近,各相关肌肉肌电信号随摆臂而周期性变化,上肢实际最大摆动角速度均大于理想单摆角速度.证明摆臂过程中肩关节周围相关肌群驱动力大于肩关节阻尼.In order to investigate the factors that influence the movement condition of upper extremity during human walking, a comparative study between the experimental condition and the ideal pendulum model condition was conducted. Firstly, seven health participants （4 males and 3 females） were involved in the experiment and the pendulum models were built according to their anthropometric parameters. Secondly, the markers ＇ coordination and the EMG of related muscles were simultaneously measured when the participant was walking on a treadmill with a daily velocity of 1.2 m/s. Based on the captured signals, the angle and angular velocity of the shoulder joint was calculated and the actual angular velocity was compared with the velocity of the upper extremity pendulum model. Also an analysis was undertaken for the recorded EMG. The study shows that the actual maximum angular velocity of shoulder joint exceeds those of the virtual pendulums and the EMG of the related muscles was cycling according to the periods of swing. The experiment also indicates that the actual periods of upper limb swing represent a level of similarity among different participants; the related muscular forces contribute larger motivity than the damp of the shoulder joint during human walking in a normal speed.

关 键 词：上肢 肌电信号 步态 运动捕捉 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]