小区地表温度与下垫面结构关系研究  

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURES OF VARIOUS PLOTS AND UNDERLYING GROUND STRUCTURES

作　　者：陈声海[1] 魏信[2] 王修信[3] 朱启疆[4,5,6] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学长江学院,南昌330013 [2]北京师范大学珠海分校不动产学院,珠海519085 [3]广西师范大学计算机科学与信息工程学院,桂林541004 [4]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究中心,北京100875 [5]环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [6]遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2009年第3期49-53,共5页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40571109);北京市自然科学基金重点基金项目(4051003);北京市教委共建项目(SYS100270431和JD100270540)共同资助

摘　　要：以北京市为例,选取了商业区、学校、生活区和公园4种典型小区24个,基于遥感及G IS的方法反演地表温度,获取下垫面覆盖信息;研究了不同类型小区地表温度热场与下垫面结构的关系。结果表明:水体、绿地具有明显的降温功能,建筑地面则增温效果明显,这3种地表所占的面积比例与小区平均地表温度关系密切;在所选取的绿地结构指数中,对温度影响从大到小依次为绿地覆盖率、分离度、缀块平均面积、连通指数、形状指数和分维数,其中,分离度与温度呈现正相关,其它指数与温度呈负相关;在所有类型小区中,温度从高到低依次为商业区、学校、生活区和公园;公园的温度分布在所有类型小区中最分散,商业区最集中。24 plots composed of commercial districts, school areas, residential areas and parks in Beijing were selected to extract land surface temperatures by using remote sensing and GIS method. Land cover types were acquired, and the pattern of ecological green space was evaluated by a landscape software. The authors investigated the relationship between land surface temperatures of various plots and underlying ground structures. The results show that the water region and the ecological green space have the cooling function, while the concrete surface can heat the land surface. The proportions of the above three types strongly affect the average land surface temperature of the explored plots. The effect of selected ecological green space indices on temperature is in decreasing order of ＇ green space ratio＇ , ＇ division＇ , ＇ average area of patch＇ , ＇ cohesion index＇ , ＇ shape index＇ , and ＇ fractal dimension＇. There is a positive correlation between ＇ resolution＇ and temperature, and a negative correlation between temperature and other quantities. Among all kinds of the selected plots, the descending order of their temperatures is from commercial districts through school areas and residential areas to parks. The temperature distributions of parks are extremely scattered, while those of commercial districts are the most concentrated.

关 键 词：小区 地表温度 下垫面结构 景观生态 绿地 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]