不同经济水平地区腹泻病危险因素的病例对照研究  

A CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON RISK FACTORS OF DIARRHEA DISEASE IN AREAS WITH DIFFERENT ECONOMIC LEVELS

作　　者：林玫[1] 董柏青[1] 李永红[1] 梁大斌[1] 吴兴华[1] 殷凯[2] 蒙增慧 秦卫文[1] 钟柳青[2] 潘绵方 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028 [2]柳州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]罗城仫佬族自治县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第17期3212-3214,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点科研课题(重200717);博福-益普生(天津)制药有限公司的资助

摘　　要：[目的]探讨不同经济水平地区影响腹泻病发生的危险因素，为控制该病提供依据。[方法]接口配对的原则。病例来自经济较发达的柳州市市区和经济较贫困的罗城县整群随机抽样的社区寿口村屯中发现的腹泻病例；对照为患者毗邻住户中同性别、年龄相差在3岁以内的非腹泻者，应用SAS9．0统计软件包进行1：2病例对照的条件Lo．gnistie回归分析。f结果1柳州市市区腹泻病发病与病前1周接触腹泻病人（OR=6．054，95％CI：2．180～16．813）、吃隔夜饭菜未彻底加热（OR=2．898，95％CI：1．268～6．625）和腹泻病危险因素知晓情况（OR=0．541，95％CI：0．320-0．915）等3个因素有关；罗城县则与病前1周食物未煮熟煮透（OR=2．660，95％CI：1．285～5．511）、吃隔夜饭菜未彻底加热（OR=3．213，95％CI：1.316—7．843）、使用食物防蝇罩（OR=O．266，95％CI：0．124～0．571）和腹泻病传播途径知晓情况（OR=0．386．95％CI：0．210-0．709）等4个因素有关。[结论]经济条件较好的市区应以加强腹泻病人的肠道隔离为主；经济每件较差的农村地区应以加强食物煮熟煮透扫提倡使用食物防蝇罩的宣传为主。两类地区均应加强隔餐隔夜故菜须彻底加热再食用等腹泻病防病知识的宣传。[Objective] To reveal the risk factors influencing the occurrence of diarrhea diseases in areas with different economic levels, and provide evidence for disease control. [Methods] A 1 ： 2 case-control match was performed in this study. Cases with diarrhea were detected from the communities and villages selected by random cluster sampling in urban Liuzhou City with better economic level and urban Luocheng County with underdeveloped status. Controls were defined as individuals without symptoms of diarrhea living in the households next to the cases. And they had the same genders and ages as the cases, with a range of 3 years younger or older. Condition＇a[ Logistic Regression for 1 ： 2 matching case-control was carried out using standard- ized statistical software SAS9.0. [ Results] In urban Liuzhou, the occurrence of diarrhea was related to 3 types of factors： contacting with patients with diarrhea within 1 week before the disease onset （OR=6.054, 95%CI： 2.180-16.813）, taking left- over food without thorough cooking （OR =2.898, 95% CI： 1.268--6.625） and knowledge of diarrhea risk factors （OR = 0.541, 95%CI： 0.320-0.915） . While in Luocheng, the occurrence of the disease was related to the following 4 factors： tak- ing improperly prepared food within 1 week before the disease onset （0R=2.660, 95%CI： 1.285-5.511）, taking leftover food without thorough cooking （0R=3.213, 95%CI： 1.316-7.843）, use of anti-fly cover over food （0R=0.266, 95%CI： 0.124- 0.571） and knowledge of transmission mode of diarrhea disease （0R：0.386, 95%CI： 0.210-0.709）. [Conclusion] In more developed areas, intestinal isolation of patients would play a key role in diarrhea disease control. While in underdeveloped ar- eas, proper food preparation and promotion of anti-fly cover are important measures for diarrhea control. In beth types of areas, knowledge on additional thorough cooking of leftovers should be promoted in the population.

关 键 词：腹泻病 病例对照研究 条件LOGISTIC回归 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤] R574.62[医药卫生—临床医学]