药品及个人护理用品(PPCPs)的污染来源、环境残留及生态毒性  

Pollution sources,environmental residues,and ecological toxicity of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs):A review

作　　者：安婧[1,2] 周启星[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第9期1878-1890,共13页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2004CB418503);国家自然科学基金资助项目(20777040)

摘　　要：随着医药及洗化行业的大规模发展,药品及个人护理用品(PPCPs)的生产和使用量迅猛增长,导致它们在水、土壤和大气环境中均有残留。但直到20世纪90年代末,它们才被看作为一大类环境污染物而被广泛关注。由于PPCPs被持续不断地输入环境,它们在环境中的残留浓度呈上升趋势,并逐渐显现出对微生物以及动植物的生态毒性,对人类也具有潜在的生态风险。本文在总结相关研究的基础上,分析了环境中PPCPs的主要污染来源以及其在环境中的残留浓度;评述了环境中残留的PPCPs对微生物、动植物以及人类的生态毒性;并根据目前对PPCPs的研究进展,提出了今后需要加强研究的科学问题。With the large scale development of pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, the production and use amount of pharmaceuticals and personal care products （PPCPs） are remarkably increased, resulting in the PPCPs remaining in water, soil, and air environment. Regrettably, as a large class of environmental pollutants, PPCPs have not drawn adequate attention till the late 1990s. Due to the continuous input to the environment in high quantity, the residual concentration of PPCPs is increasing, and gradually shows ecological toxicity to the microorganisms, plants and animals, and even, potential ecological risk to human beings. Based on the sum-up of published literatures, this paper analyzed the pollution sources and environmental remaining of PPCPs, as well as the ecological toxicity of residual PPCPs to the microorganisms, plants, animals, and human beings. The main scientific issues related to PPCPs, which should be researched in the future, were suggested.

关 键 词：药品及个人护理用品(PPCPs) 污染来源 残留浓度 生态毒性 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]