陕南茶园黄褐土的改良研究  

Studies on the Improvement of Yellow Cinnamon Soils of Tea Garden in South Shaanxi

作　　者：姚丽娟[1] 余有本[1] 周天山[1] 肖斌[1] 冉隆贵[1] 李冬花[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学茶叶研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第5期316-320,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2005C129);杨凌农业科技推广专项基金项目(YLTG2006-4)

摘　　要：采用施肥法和客土法研究了不同有机肥料和沙土比例对茶园土壤的改良效果。结果表明，油渣、腐熟牛粪和秸秆等对提高土壤速效养分和有机质含量的效果较好，与对照相比，增幅在46．14％～202％不等；施用油渣对新梢的生长和茶叶品质的提高效果最好，其茶树叶片中茶多酚、氨基酸、咖啡碱和水浸出物含量分别为17．28％、1．518％、2．038％和48．33％。综合比较不同处理对陕南茶园土壤肥力、茶苗生长和茶叶品质的影响，油渣处理的效果最好，其次是施用农家肥和秸秆处理；陕南茶园的有机质含量很低，而秸秆处理对有机质含量的提高起到较好的效果，在土壤改良方面应该加大油渣或农家肥的施用量，并结合秸秆施用。Effects of different treatments on soil fertility and tea quality were studied, to find the best scheme for improving yellow cinnamon soil of tea garden in south Shaanxi. Different organic fertilizer and proportion of sand were used and the improvement to tea garden of these treatments was studied. Treatments of oil foot, farm manure and straw had better effects on increasing the contents of soil available nutrients and organic matter than others. Compared to the control, their increase amplitudes were 46.14%-202%. Oil foot treatment had the best effects on shoots growth and tea quality, and the content of tea polyphenol, amino acid, caffeine and water extract concentration were 17. 28%, 1. 518%, 2. 038% and 48.33% respectively. According to the comprehensive effects of different treatments on soil fertility, shoots growth and tea quality, the best results was oil foot treatment, next came treatments of farm manure and straw. The straw had the best effect on improving soil organic matter content. The content of soil organic matter of tea garden in south Shaanxi was very low, so oil foot or farm manure should be increased and combined with straw for soil modifying.

关 键 词：茶园 黄褐土 改良 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]