生物膜全自养脱氮过程及强化机理研究进展  

Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal in Biofilm and Its Enhancement Mechanism

作　　者：丛丽影[1] 张代钧[1,2] 任宏洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境科学系 [2]重庆大学西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2009年第10期92-96,107,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50378094)

摘　　要：在限制溶氧的条件下,生物膜表层的好氧氨氧化菌将氨氧化为亚硝酸盐,并传递到生物膜内层缺氧区,厌氧氨氧化菌将氨和亚硝酸盐同步去除。根据生物膜内好氧氨氧化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌协作共生开发出的全自养脱氮工艺在生物转盘、SBR及填料床等反应器内实现,大大节省了碳源和曝气量。微量NO2对好氧氨氧化和厌氧氨氧化过程有明显强化作用,能显著提高基质降解速率、微生物生长速率和细胞密度。数学模型对废水处理工艺开发和运行具有重要意义,通过数学模型对微生物活性、分布以及脱氮过程的主要影响因素进行模拟研究,为全自养脱氮工艺的运行管理和优化控制打下基础。Under oxygen limitation, ammonium was oxidized to nitrite by aerobic ammonium oxidizers on the upper aerobic biofilm layer, the nitrite produced can be used by anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the deeper anoxic layer of biofilms. Based on co-existing of aerobic and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in biofilm, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal technology was developed in all kinds of reactor such as rotating biological contactor, SBR and packed bed, which reduced consuming of organic carbon and O2. Small amount of NO2 had significant effect on aerobic and anaerobic ammonium process bacteria, which could enhance nitrogen removal process by increasing biodegradation rate, microorganism growth rate and cell concentration. Mathematical model played a key role in designing and controlling of wastewater treatment process, by which microorganism activity and distribution, effects on nitrogen removal process were stimulated, in favor of running and optimizing of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process.

关 键 词：自养脱氮 数学模型 NO2 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]