快速节俭启发式——相关争议与简短评论  

Fast and Frugal Heuristics:The Related Debates and Brief Comments

作　　者：刘永芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2009年第5期885-892,共8页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学一般项目(05JAXLX007)

摘　　要：在有限理性和生态理性假设基础上,Gigerenzer教授和在他指导下的"ABC研究组"发现并提出了再认启发式、采纳最佳启发式、优先启发式、道德启发式等一系列"快速节俭启发式"。大量研究表明这些简单决策规则是节省信息的合理而高效的认知策略,但也有一些研究者对它们表示怀疑。在本文中,作者对近期关于快速节俭启发式的一般争议及围绕采纳最佳启发式、优先启发式、道德启发式展开的具体争议进行了回顾与总结,给出了简短的评论。快速节俭启发式是一个富有前景、却又布满荆棘的研究领域。要想实现宏伟的研究目标,ABC研究组尚需做出更多、更大的努力。In the basis of the bounded rationality and ecological rationality hypotheses, Professor Gigerenzer and the ABC group under the guidance of him discover and propose a series of ＂fast and frugal heuristics＂ such as recognition heuristis,take the best, priority heuristic,moral heuristic. Although a large number of studies show that these simple decision rules are rational and efficient cognitive strategies that save information, some researchers express doubts about them.In this article,the writer review and summarize the general debates about these heuristics as well as the specific debates around take the best, priority heuristic and moral heuristics,and give some brief comments.Fast and frugal heuristics are a promising research field with a lot of difficulties.In order to carry out their magnificent research project,the ABC group still need to do more works with more efforts.

关 键 词：有限理性 生态理性 快速节俭启发式 采纳最佳启发式 优先启发式 道德启发式 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]