现代竞技体育项目优势转移现象研究  

Study on Transfer of Advantage in Modern International Sports Competition

作　　者：杨改生[1] 周珂[1] 史友宽[1] 周艳丽[1] 张秋芬[1] 郭潇[2] 朱冀[1] 丁英俊[1] 阎照祥[1] 孙思哲[1] 杨逸晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学,河南开封475001 [2]北京体育大学研究生院,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科学》2009年第9期24-35,共12页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家体育总局体育社会科学研究项目(1081ss07038)

摘　　要：运用文献资料调研、专家调查和数理统计等方法,以田径、游泳、体操、足球、篮球、排球、羽毛球、乒乓球等项目为例,回顾了国际体坛的格局变化,并在此基础上分析其优势转移的规律:现代竞技体育优势的转移表现出鲜明的阶段性特征;现代男子篮球竞技优势获得的金字塔模型共由外部环境、发展动力、竞技能力3个平台模块和1个路径模块(竞技能力提高→把握制胜因素→进行技战术、训练手段等的创新→获取竞争优势)构成,3个平台模块内部要素越协同,模块之间越适应,就越有利于竞技优势的获得。只有在拥有高水平竞技能力的基础上把握项目的制胜因素,并在此基础上全面创新,才能获得稳定、持续的竞争优势。By means of literature review,expert interview and mathematical statistics,this paper,taking track and field,swimming,gymnastics,football,basketball,volleyball,badminton,table tennis as example,traced back the developing history of the world sports competition.Based on it,some conclusions are drawn out.The sports competition in modern society showed obviously periodic characteristics.The pyramid modern of competitive advantage in men basketball consists of external environment,the power of development of dynamic, competitive ability and a route module （raise competitive capability→ seize subdue factor →innovate the skill and tactics, means of training →obtain a competitive advantage）, the cooperation of internal elements of three platform modules and the adaption among the modules made for obtainment of competitive advantage. Only grasping the subdue factors of the event in the basis of high-level competitive ability and innovating comprehensively, a county would secure a stable and sustained competitive advantage.

关 键 词：竞技体育 优势转移 规律 

分 类 号：G811.8[文化科学—体育学]