跨喜马拉雅的GPS观测与地壳形变  

GPS MEASUREMENT AND CURRENT CRUSTAL MOVEMENT ACROSS THE HIMALAYA

作　　者：王琪[1] 游新兆[1] 王文颖[2] 杨志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震研究所 [2]西安工程学院测量工程系

出　　处：《地壳形变与地震》1998年第3期43-50,共8页Crustal Deformation and Earthquake

基　　金：中国地震局地震科学联合基金

摘　　要：１９９１年中美两国首次开展了跨喜马拉雅的ＧＰＳ测量，通过１９９２和１９９５年复测，获得了西藏南部与尼泊尔之间的相对运动速率为（１７±３）ｍｍ／ａ。根据弹性位错模型推算印度板块以（２０±３）ｍｍ／ａ的速率挤入西藏块体。西藏南部地区（拉萨到珠穆朗玛峰）东西向拉伸速率为（６±３）ｍｍ／ａ，而拉萨相对于尼泊尔西部的东西向拉伸为（１２±３）ｍｍ／ａ。ＧＰＳ测定的运动速率和方向与由地质和地震资料推断青藏块体的现代地壳运动特征基本一致。The rapid uplift and crust thickening of the Qinghai Tibet plateau are attributed to the continental interaction between Indian and Eurasia plate, which can be accurately determined by GPS. The crustal movement rate across the Himalaya is observed firstly by the scientists from China and America in 1991. The convergent rate 17±3 mm/a between southern Tibet and Nepal is given by a series of measurements in 1992 and 1995. With the elastic model of dislocation, it can be explained that the Indian plate should be squeezed into the Tibet block at the rate 20±3 mm/a and with fault dip 9° toward north of lndian plate at depth 15～20 km in the Himalaya. And the extension rate 6±3 mm/a of southern Tibet at the direction N110°E is estimated. The velocity and orientation determined by GPS are rather consistent with that obtained by geologic and seismic data.

关 键 词：喜马拉雅 GPS 地壳变形 地震数据 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学] P315.63[天文地球—地质学]