机构地区:[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院阜外心血管病医院放射科,北京100037 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院放射科
出 处:《中华放射学杂志》2009年第9期903-907,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiology
基 金:“十一五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BA105801);科技部重大国际合作项目(2007DFB30320);北京市科委项目(D0906004040191)
摘 要:目的探讨MRI及对比剂延迟强化在限制性心肌病(RCM)中的诊断价值。方法搜集RCM116例,所有患者均通过病史和临床表现,并结合心电图、X线胸片和超声心动图等进行综合判断。55名正常人被纳入对照组。116例RCM按有无对比剂延迟强化分成强化组(35例)和非强化组(81例)。MRI定性分析包括观察室壁运动、房室瓣反流以及对比剂延迟强化等;定量分析包括测定双侧心房和心室大小、室间隔和左心室游离壁厚度,采用独立样本t检验进行统计学分析。结果116例RCM左心房前后径和左右径、右心房前后径和左右径、室间隔厚度、左心室游离壁厚度以及右心室舒张末期内径均大于对照组(P〈0.05),测量值依次为(49.89±13.75)和(28.78±6.31)mm、(83.13±18.07)和(57.71±9.50)mm、(64.66±15.87)和(38.11±6.17)mm、(63.55±16.05)和(41.57±7.90)mm、(13.03±4.27)和(9.80±2.46)mm、(10.19±3.18)和(7.59±2.78)mm、(39.53±7.90)和(36.17±5.88)mm。左心室舒张末期内径[(47.81±8.66)mm]与对照组[(48.63±6.26)mm]比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。二尖瓣少量反流50例、中等量反流24例;三尖瓣少量反流32例、中等量以上反流46例。15例左心室弥漫性强化者室壁较厚,其中12例呈粉尘样强化,3例呈花瓣样。20例患者左心室节段性强化以室间隔受累最多(36段),其中左心室心尖部闭塞2例、双室心尖闭塞4例,均表现为心尖部心内膜下条带状强化;14例单纯性左心室节段性强化类型无明显规律。81例非强化组,双侧心房内径(前后径、左右径)明显扩大,室腔不大,室壁不厚。结论MRI是诊断限制性心肌病较理想的方法。Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI in combination of delayed gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging for the identification of restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). Methods One hundred sixteen patients with RCM underwent ECG, thoracic radiography, echocardiography and MRI. The final diagnosis was made on comprehensive evaluation in consideration of patient history, clinical symptoms and imaging appearances. Fifty-five normal subjects were used as the controls. All patients were divided into two groups according to contrast-enhanced MRI patterns: RCM with delayed enhancement (RCM with DE, n = 35 ) and RCM without delayed enhancement (RCM without DE, n = 81 ). Bi-atrial and bi-ventricular size, ventricular septal and left free wall thickness were measured. A paired t-test was used for statistic analysis. Results Bi-atrial size, right ventricular diastolic diameter ( RVDD), ventricular septal and left free wall thickness were significantly larger in RCM patients than in normal subjects ( P 〈 0. 05 ). The parameters measured were as follows: (49. 89 ± 13.75) and(28.78 ±6. 31 ) mm, (83.13 ± 18.07) and (57.71 ± 9.50) mm, (64.66 ± 15.87) and (38. 11 ± 6. 17) mm, (63.55 ± 16.05 ) and (41.57 ± 7.90) ram,(13.03 ±4.27)and(9. 80 ±2.46) mm, (10. 19 ±3.18) and (7.59 ±2.78) mm, (39.53 ± 7.90)and (36. 17 ± 5.88) mm. There was no statistical difference between the two groups [ (47.81 ± 8.66) mm] and [ (48.63 ± 6. 26 ) mm ] in left ventricular diastolic diameter ( LVDD, P 〉 0. 05 ). Visual observation showed mild mitral regurgitation (50 cases), moderate mitral regurgitation (24 cases), mild tricuspid regurgitation (32 cases) and severe tricuspid regurgitation (46 cases). Thirty-five RCMs with DE presented diffuse (15 cases) or segmental (20 cases) enhancement. Twelve RCMs with diffuse delayed enhancement showed powdery enhancement, and 3 showed petaline enhancement. Three cases with powdery enh
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