公路隧道火灾时的人员逃生研究  

A study of people escape in highway tunnel fires

作　　者：夏永旭[1] 周勇狄[1,2] 王永东[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学,陕西西安710064 [2]广西交通科学研究院,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2009年第8期115-123,共9页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：交通部行业联合科技攻关项目(20033531404)

摘　　要：火灾是公路隧道最为严重的灾害之一。分析克拉尼提出的高温条件下人员逃生公式,结合公路隧道火灾时的人员逃生情况,对克拉尼公式进行修正。采用有限元用数值模拟方法,详细地研究典型隧道结构段在不同环境风速、不同火灾规模时隧道内的温度场;以修正后的隧道火灾人员逃生公式为判别条件,给出隧道内人员可能逃生的位置和消防救援的安全位置。所得结果对公路隧道灭火救灾预案的编制提供重要的技术支持。Fire is definitely one of the most serious accidents that may occur in highway tunnels. The Cranee＇s formula, which is used for high temperature cases, is analyzed and modified through combining actual fire conditions. Using the finite element method, the temperature field of a typical tunnel segment with different wind speeds and fire scales is studied. With the modified Cranee＇s formula adopted as the criterion, the probable escape region and the safe region for fire control and rescue are calculated. These results may serve as technical support of counter-measure plans for fire control and rescue operations in highway tunnels.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 人员逃生 判断条件 消防救援 安全位置 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]