灌溉对弱筋小麦豫麦50籽粒淀粉积累及其相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of Irrigation on Grain Starch Accumulation and the Activities of Related Enzymes in Weak Gluten Wheat Variety Yumai 50

作　　者：吴金芝[1] 黄明[1] 李友军[1] 陈明灿[1] 付国占[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2009年第5期872-877,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A-06);河南科技大学青年基金(2007QN003)

摘　　要：为了探明灌溉对淀粉积累及其相关酶活性的影响规律,在大田条件下,以弱筋小麦豫麦50为材料,研究了三种灌溉方式(W1:拔节期灌水一次;W2:拔节期和孕穗期各灌水一次;W3:拔节期、孕穗期和灌浆期各灌水一次。每次灌水定额750 m3/ha)下弱筋小麦淀粉及其相关酶活性的变化规律。结果表明,弱筋小麦灌浆中后期和成熟期籽粒直链淀粉、支链淀粉、总淀粉积累速率均表现为W3>W2>W1。成孰期籽粒淀粉支/直比例表现为W3<W2<W1。孕穗期和灌浆期增加灌水提高了灌浆中后期旗叶和籽粒中蔗糖含量、蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性,提高了灌浆中后期籽粒中可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)活性和束缚态淀粉合成酶(GBSS)活性。说明增加灌水使弱筋小麦旗叶蔗糖合成能力强,促进源器官蔗糖向库中运输,保证籽粒库中糖源的充分供应,有利于籽粒淀粉的合成和积累。A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different irrigation ways on grain starch formation and the related enzymes activities in weak gluten wheat variety Yumai 50. Three different irrigation treatments, including W1 （irrigated at jiontting stage）, W2 （irrigated at jointing and booting stage） and W3 （irrigated at jointing, booting and filling stage） were carried out during 2005-2006. The results showed that the accumulation of amylose, amylopectin and total starch and its accumulation rates in middle and late stage of grain filling decreased by the order W3〉W2〉W1. At the grain maturing stage, the total starch, amylose and amylopectin content decreased by the order W3〉W2〉W1, where the ratio of amylopectin to amylose was increased by the order W3〈W2〈W1. It also showed that irrigation at jointing stage and filling stage would increas the sucrose content, the sucrose synthase（SS） activity and the sucrose phosphate synthase（SPS） activity of flag leaves and kernels in middle and late stage of grain filling, and increase the activities of soluble starch synthase （SSS） and granule-bounded starch synthase （GBSS） sucrose content. The above results indicated that, with irrigation treatments of W2 and W3, the flag leaf of weak gluten winter wheat Yumai 50 maintained stronger capacity for synthesizing and translating of sucrose, and the grains sucrose was sufficient, so more irrigations would be benefit to synthesizing starch in grains of weak gluten winter wheat Yumai 50.

关 键 词：弱筋小麦 灌溉 淀粉积累 酶活性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311