渭河流域1980-2000年LUCC时空变化特征及其驱动力分析  

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of LUCC and Driving Factor Analysis for the Wei River Basin from 1980 to 2000

作　　者：程磊[1] 徐宗学[1] 罗睿[1] 米艳娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2009年第5期1-6,30,F0002,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50579003);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAB06B01-09-01)

摘　　要：流域水沙变异与土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)有着十分密切的关系。该文基于渭河流域1980年、1990年和2000年的土地利用/覆被数据,借助ArcGIS等软件对渭河流域20a间LUCC的时空变化特征进行分析,探讨渭河流域LUCC的时空变化规律。基于转移矩阵、综合土地利用动态度、综合土地利用程度和单一土地利用变化率等指标进行分析表明:渭河流域在1980-2000年土地利用/覆被发生了较大变化,其中草地增幅最大,达到2.09万km2;耕地和林地减幅分别达到了1.35万km2、1.11万km2;建设用地增速最快,增长了8.53倍。从综合土地利用动态度、综合土地利用程度和单一土地利用变化率时空分布图可以看出:变化的时空格局有明显的区域特征,而且前十年的变化比后十年的变化剧烈,主要地类时空变化差异明显。基于时空变化特征分析了变化的驱动力,分析得出主要受到国家土地政策、水土保持、经济发展以及人口增长等多方面因素驱动。Variations of water and sediment usually have a close causality relationship with the Land use and Land cover Change （LUCC）. On the basis of land use and land cover dataset for three periods including the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, several indices and models such as transformation matrix, integrated change rate, integrated degree of land use, and change rate of special land use are developed to analyze the spatial-tem- poral characteristics and distribution patterns of LUCC with the help of GIS software. The results showed that land use and land cover in the Wei River basin has changed greatly between 1980 and 2000. The area of grass land has increased 2. 09×10^4 km^-2. But, 1.35×10^4 km^-2 and 1.11×10^4 km^2 decrease for farm land and woodland. For building area, it has the rapidest increase in this period. The spatial-temporal charac- teristics of LUCC show,d a noticeable regional distribution pattern. Comparing with changes between 1990 and 2000, the change rates for all kinds of land use and land cover during 1980--1990 are much higher. However, the changes in spatial distribution showed a good pattern. Considering on the socioeconomic influence factors, national land use policies, soil and water conservation, economic development, and population growth are identified as the main driving factors for LUCC in the Wei River basin during the past two decades.

关 键 词：渭河 LUCC 时空特征 驱动力 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]