施用不同尿素对稻季不同层次土壤溶液中氮形态的影响  

Nitrogen Forms in soil solution at different depths as affected by types of urea fertilizers applied in paddy season

作　　者：王小治[1,2] 尹微琴[1] 蔡玉琪[3] 封克[1] 朱建国[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所//土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京21004

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第4期1516-1521,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40501035);江苏省"青蓝工程"(苏教(2007)2号);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(40120140817)

摘　　要：在太湖地区乌栅土上,利用大型原状土柱比较研究了不同尿素品种、施肥量(0、普通尿素150、300和包膜尿素100、150kg·hm-2,以N计算)处理对稻季不同层次(30、65、80cm)土壤氮素动态变化的影响。结果表明:所有处理渗漏水中NO3--N质量浓度均低于饮用水标准,常规施肥未显著增加氮的淋溶损失;各处理在不同层次土壤均发生反硝化作用;包膜尿素促进土壤反硝化强度,在65cm和80cm处尤为明显。施用包膜尿素可能增强浅层地下水的反硝化作用而降低水体NO3--N质量浓度。其影响机理及在对其它类型土壤上氮素淋失和反硝化的影响,值得进一步研究。The field experiment with large-typed profile-undisturbed monolith lysimeters was carried out to study the nitrogen transformation at different soil depths （30cm, 65cm and 80cm） in WuShan soil in Taihu Region under a rice-wheat rotation system with different types and rates of urea fertilizers applied in rice season. The results showed that the NO3^- -N concentration in percolation in all treatments were lower than the criteria of NO3^- -N concentration for drink water. Under normal application of urea, the N leaching from this kind of soils would not induce serious pollution of NO3^- -N in the ground water. The denitrification occurred at different soil depths in all treatments. Moreover, coated urea elevated the denitrification abilities in soil, especially at depths of 65cm and 80cm, which suggested that application of coated urea in rice season might reduce the NO3^- -N concentration in water body by enhancing denitrification in shallow groundwater. The implications of coated urea on denitrification and N loss through leaching in Wushan soil need to be further studied.

关 键 词：包膜尿素 反硝化 不同层次 N2O 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S143[农业科学—肥料学]