大气中羰基化合物的研究进展  

Progresses on the research of carbonyl compounds in atmosphere

作　　者：吕辉雄[1] 蔡全英[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第4期1533-1539,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30800708);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14);广东省科技计划项目(2008A020100021);华南农业大学校长基金项目(4200-K06196)

摘　　要：羰基化合物是大气中重要的毒性挥发性有机物。近10年来国内外学者对大气羰基化合物进行了较多的调查和研究。文章对相关调查研究的主要发现进行了系统的综述。文献资料显示,国内的研究主要集中在北京、广州、青岛、杭州和香港,尤其是广州。在最常检测到的羰基化合物中,甲醛、乙醛和丙酮的浓度相对较高。绝大部分研究发现,羰基化合物浓度呈现市区和工业区的高于郊区或乡村的,室内的高于室外的,夏季的高于冬季的,并且有明显的日变化规律。很多研究者根据甲醛/乙醛(C1/C2)和乙醛/丙醛(C2/C3)浓度比以及不同羰基化合物间的相关性来推断羰基化合物的可能来源,这些可能来源包括汽车尾气、大气光化学反应等。但上述方法不能判断羰基化合物的准确来源及不同释放源的贡献率。作者认为,应该借助碳同位素分析方法或其他新技术来加强大气羰基化合物的释放源及其贡献率的研究。此外,大气羰基化合物在不同气候条件下的形成、反应、迁移和转化机理也值得进一步研究。Carbonyl compounds are toxic volatile organic compounds in atmosphere. Large number of surveys and studies on carbonyl compounds at home and abroad were carried out during recent decade. The main findings of some investigations and studies were reviewed systematically in this paper. The literature shows that the investigation and studies in China were conducted mainly in Beijing, Guangzhou, Qingdao, Hangzhou and Hong Kong, particularly in Guangzhou. Among the carbonyl compounds detected frequently, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were the most abundant carbonyl species. The results of most of studies indicate that the concentrations of carbonyls in urban and industrial area were higher than those in suburban or rural area, indoor higher than outdoor, summer higher than winter, and exhibit clear diurnal trend. Many researchers deduced the potential sources （including vehicular emission, atmospheric photochemical reaction, etc.） according to the concentration ratios of formaldehyde/acetaldehyde （C1/C2） and acetaldehyde/propionaldehyde （C2/C3） as well as the correlations among different carbonyl compounds. However, the above methods can not provide the exact sources of carbonyls and the contributions of different sources. In our opinion, compound-specific carbon isotopic compositions or other new technology should be applied to strengthen the studies on the carbonyl sources and their contributions. Further research is considered necessary on the formation, reaction, transportation and transformation of carbonyls under different climate

关 键 词：羰基化合物 大气 季节变化 室内外浓度比 源解析 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]