移民型城市生态人居环境评价与优化研究  

Evaluation and Optimization of the Ecological Human Settlement in an Immigration City

作　　者：韩曦[1] 徐琳瑜[1] 陈彬[1] 杨志峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2009年第5期22-27,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40871056)

摘　　要：三峡工程建设以来,在大规模移民迁建的拉动下,形成了大量库区移民城市。良好的人居环境是保障移民型城市稳步发展的关键,也是建设生态城市的核心问题。本文基于生态人居清洁、舒适、低环境负荷的特点,以三峡移民第一城——重庆市万州区为例,对其1999-2005年居住适宜性水平进行了评价和分析,并基于评价结果提出了相应的优化调整建议。针对库区移民城市强调社会结构重建的特点,本文分别从基础设施、居住系统、生态环境、社会人文四个方面筛选指标,建立三级评价指标体系,综合运用层次分析法和熵权法确定指标权重,有效避免了主、客观定权方式各自的弱点。评价结果表明：7年来万州城区宜居水平虽呈上升趋势,但综合指数集中在0.45～0.6之间,距离生态人居的标准还存在明显差距。其中,基础设施滞后问题尤为突出,社会人文、生态环境指数自2000年后一直呈下降的趋势。Since the construction of Three Gorges Project,a large amount of immigration cities have emerged due to large-scale immigrant relocation from reservoir areas. Suitable human settlement as the key factor of eco-city construction is essential to the steady development of immigration cities.Based on the characteristics of ecological human settlement,which is clean and comfortable with low environmental load,we chose Wan zhou,Chongqing,the most representative city in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,as the case,to assess and analyze theamenity in the urban district from 1999 to 2005 and put forward optimization and adjustment suggestions according the results. We established a three-layer assessment inder system from four perspectives; that is, infrastructure, habitation system, ecological environment, society and humanity. We determined the weight by integrating analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and entropic method to avoid the weakness of both subjective and objective methods. The results come to 0.45 ～0. 6, which indicate that the amenity level in Wanzhou has been improved in the past seven years, with some evident gaps to the ecological human settlement standard. Particularly, the infrastructure is severely lagging, along with the constantly declining humanistic and social index, ecological environmental index since 2000.

关 键 词：移民型城市 生态人居 宜居性评价 万州 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]