深圳近海海域营养现状分析与富营养化水平评价  

Status Analysis of Nutrients and Eutrophication Assessment in Shenzhen Coastal Waters

作　　者：戴纪翠[1,2] 高晓薇[1,2] 倪晋仁[1,2] 尹魁浩 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055 [2]北京大学水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [3]深圳市环境科学研究院,深圳518001

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第10期2879-2883,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(200800440246);深圳市环保局环境科研专项资金项目

摘　　要：根据2002～2007年对深圳近海海域水质的调查资料,阐述了深圳近海9个研究区域营养盐的时空变化特征,研究了营养盐氨氮、硝氮、亚硝态氮及磷酸盐和环境因子的相关关系,并利用有机污染指数、富营养化指数和潜在的富营养化对海域进行了评价.结果表明,深圳西部海域营养盐水平远高于东部海域,其中2002年和2006年营养盐的污染水平相对较高.东部海域水体中磷酸盐和无机氮的多年平均值为0.007 mg/L和0.078 mg/L,而西部海域则分别高达0.090 mg/L和1.544 mg/L.营养盐与pH和盐度等环境因子呈显著的负相关关系.研究区域的N/P多数大于Redfield比值,属于严重的磷缺乏区域.富营养化评价表明,深圳东部海域的富营养化程度远远小于西部海域,东部海域的富营养化指数6 a平均值为0.11,而西部海域则为42.15,基本上属于磷限制中度潜在性富营养化区,个别海域已达到磷限制潜在性富营养化状态.Based on the field data of Shenzhen coastal water quality in 2002-2007, variation characteristics of nutrients including NH4^＋ -N, NO3^-N, NO2^--N, PO4^3- -P and DIN were presented. And the correlationships between nutrients and pH, salinity were also investigated. Furthermore, eutrophication index （E）, organic pollution index （A） and potential eutrophication were employed to assess the eutrophication degree of Shenzhen coastal waters. Results show that the nutrient levels of east coast are higher than that of west coast. And the peak year of nutrients are 2002 and 2006. The average concentrations of PO4^3- -P and DIN are 0.007 mg/L and 0.078 mg/L for Shenzhen east coast while 0.090 mg/L and 1.544 mg/L for west coast. Nutrients in Shenzhen coastal waters have negative correlations with pH and salinity. The N/P ratios are all far more than 16 indicating that Shenzhen coast belongs to seriously P-limiting water. Eutrophication degree of Shenzhen east coast is far lower than that of west coast, and the average eutrophication index of east coast is 0.11 while 42.15 for west coast. Furthermore, west coast is classified as P-limiting moderate level potential eutrophication area and even as P-limiting potential eutrophication level.

关 键 词：深圳近海 营养盐 富营养化 评价 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]