高中生焦虑情绪及相关因素的城乡对照研究  

A comparative study on related factors of anxiety between urban and rural senior high school students.

作　　者：李宪伟[1] 掌永莉[1] 刘金同[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省精神卫生中心,济南250014 [2]山东大学医学院

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2009年第5期347-349,共3页Journal of Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的调查分析高中生焦虑情绪及相关因素,对比城乡差异。方法以城乡中学为基本单位,应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)及自拟基本情况调查表,采用整群抽样的方法,抽取山东城乡两所高二年级学生,进行焦虑及相关因素调查、分析。结果共调查高中生1407人,收回资料完整有效问卷1383份,其中城市685人(49.5%),农村698(50.5%)人。高中生焦虑检出率20.31%,城市、农村分别为27.30%、13.47%,城市高于农村,差异具有极显著性(P<0.001),焦虑标准分总分为(42.33±9.37),城市为(43.81±10.10),农村为(40.86±8.35),城市高于农村,差异具有极显著性(P<0.001)。高中生SAS标准分总分与PSQI总分呈显著正相关关系、与学习成绩呈显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。影响高中生焦虑情绪的相关因素还有家庭因素及学校因素。结论高中生焦虑情绪检出率高,焦虑情绪城市高于农村。影响高中生焦虑情绪的因素有睡眠质量、学习成绩、家庭因素、学校相关因素等。城乡影响因素具有一定差异性。Objective To investigate of anxiety in senior high school students, and to identify the deference between urban and rural students. Methods By cluster sampling, a total of 1407 students from one urban and one rural senior high school were investigated. The standardized rating scals of mental health included Self - rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and serf - designed information questionaire. Results A total of 1383 senior high students completed the investigation. Among them,685 （49.5%） students were from the urban high school, and 698 （50.5%） from rural high school. The overall detection rate of anxiety was 20.31%, and the urban and rural school were 27.30% and 13.47% respectively,and significant difference was found between two schools （P 〈0.001 ）. The total standard score of anxiety was （42.33 ±9.37）. The score of students in city （ 43.81 ± 10.10） was significant- ly higher than that in rural （40.86 ± 8.35 ）. The total score of SAS was significantly positively related to the total score of PSQI（ P 〈 0.01 ）, negatively related to the students＇ academic record（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The factors influencing anxiety al- so included family factors and school factors. Conclusion The detection rate of anxiety would be high in senior high students. The detection rate of anxiety in urban students is higher than that in rural students. The factors effecting anxie- ty include sleep quality, the students＇ academic record, family factors, and school factors, and factors are different be- tween urban and rural students.

关 键 词：高中生 焦虑 相关因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]