大豆蛋白质有关性状遗传的分离分析  

Segregation Analysis for Inheritance of Protein Related Traits in Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]

作　　者：刘顺湖[1,2] 周瑞宝[3] 盖钧镒[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]山东济宁学院,山东曲阜273155 [3]河南工业大学大豆精深加工研究所,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第11期1958-1966,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2004CB7206,2006CB101708,2009CB118404);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671266);国家高新技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA100104);教育部高等学校创新引智计划项目(B08025);农业部公益性行业专项(200803060)资助

摘　　要：采用科丰1号×南农1138-2衍生的重组自交家系群体(RIKY)和(Essex×兴县灰布支)×兴县灰布支回交自交衍生群体(BIEX)为材料,应用SDS-PAGE电泳测定11S、7S、11S/7S比值及其10个亚基组的相对含量,用凯氏(Kjeltec)自动定氮仪测定蛋白质含量、自动索氏(Soxtec)抽提仪测定油脂含量。结果表明:(1)两群体蛋白质组分及其亚基组有关性状以及油脂与蛋油总量等均有不同程度超亲分离,双亲间存在不同程度的位点互补。(2)蛋白质含量遗传,两群体均为1对主基因+多基因模型,主基因和多基因遗传率分别为31.3%～40.9%和37.2%～53.7%。蛋油总量均为3对主基因+多基因模型,主、多基因遗传率分别为59.9%～66.6%和23.2%～27.9%。油脂含量为2～3对主基因+多基因模型,两类遗传率分别为48.6%～71.7%和4.2%～29.7%。(3)11S组分均为3对主基因+多基因模型,两类遗传率分别为14.3%～60.7%和17.0%～50.7%。7S组分均为3对主基因+多基因模型,两类遗传率分别为34.5%～44.1%和21.5%～45.1%。11S/7S比值遗传均为2对主基因+多基因模型,两类遗传率分别为56.6%～74.8%和10.1%～20.1%。(4)11S的4个亚基组依次分别为2～3对主基因+多基因、2对主基因+多基因、2对主基因+多基因、2～3对主基因+多基因模型。(5)7S的6个亚基组依次分别为1～2对主基因+多基因、2对主基因+多基因、2～3对主基因+多基因、3对主基因+多基因、1～2对主基因+多基因和2对主基因+多基因模型。所有16个性状都由主基因和多基因控制,其中有10个性状两群体具相同的主基因数,其他6个性状两群体间相差1对主基因,两群体间遗传模型大同小异。这些相关性状的育种既要利用主基因还必须利用微效多基因,要考虑兼用两者的育种方法。The quality and processing property of soy protein depend on its constitution of components and subunit groups, as well as their related traits. The recombinant inbred line population （RIKY） derived from Kefeng 1×Nannong 1138-2 and backcross inbred derived line population （BIEX） derived from （Essex×ZDD2315）×ZDD2315 were tested for their 16 traits related to protein components and their subunit groups, including protein content, protein plus fat content, 11 S, 7S, 11 S/7S ratio, four 11S subunit groups and six 7S subunit groups, by using Kjeltec, Soxtec and SDS-PAGE analysis. The data obtained were analyzed for the inheritance of the 16 traits by using segregation analysis based on mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model. The results showed that there existed transgressive segregations in all the traits, which indicated the mutual complement among loci between the parents. One major gene plus polygene mixed model was detected for protein content in both populations with major gene heritability （MGH） 31.3-40.9% and polygene heritability （PGH） 37.2 53.7%; three major genes plus polygene model for protein plus fat content with MGH 59.9-66.6% and PGH 23.2-27.9%; two to three major genes plus polygene model for oil content with MGH 48.6-71.7% and PGH 4.2-29.7%. Three major genes plus polygene inheritance model was detected for 11S protein content with MGH 14.3-60.7% and PGH 17.0-50.7%; three major genes plus polygene model for 7S protein content with MGH 34.5-44.1% and PGH 21.5-45.1%; two major genes plus polygene model for 11S/7S ratio with MGH 56.6-74.8% and PGH 10.1-20.1%. Two to three major gene plus polygene, two major genes plus polygene, two major genes plus polygene and two to three major genes plus polygene inheritance models were detected for 11S-1 through 11S-4, respectively; one to two major genes plus polygene, two major genes plus polygene, two to three major genes plus polygene, three major genes plus polygene, one to two major genes plus polygene and two major genes plus

关 键 词：大豆 蛋白质含量 蛋油总量 11S 7S 11S/7S 亚基组 主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分离分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]