杂交中稻齐穗期下部叶片对结实率的影响与组合间库源结构的关系  

Effect of Leaves below 4th Leaf From Top at Full Heading on Seed Set Percentage in Association with Source-Sink Ratio in Mid-season Hybrid Rice

作　　者：朱永川[1] 熊洪[1] 张林[1] 张乃周 郭晓艺[1] 刘茂[1] 徐富贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646000 [2]泸州市农业局,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2009年第5期1225-1231,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：粮食科技丰产工程(2006BAD02A05);农业科技成果转化资金(2006GB2F000256);西南水稻创新体系建设

摘　　要：以26个杂交中籼迟熟组合为材料,通过齐穗期剪叶及本田密肥、疏株处理,研究了杂交中稻齐穗期下部叶片对结实率的影响与组合间库源结构的关系。结果表明,杂交中稻齐穗期倒4以下叶片提高结实率的作用程度在杂交组合间存在较大差异,表现为倒4以下叶片提高结实率的作用与组合间着粒数呈极显著正相关关系,当杂交组合群体的着粒数≥185粒/穗时,倒4以下叶片对结实率才有显著作用。原因在于组合间着粒数与单位颖花的绿叶占有量呈极显著负相关关系,着粒数越多的大穗型组合,其"库""源"矛盾越大,则越需要充分利用倒4以下叶片的光合物质,才能保证籽粒的正常灌浆结实;反之,着粒数较少的中小穗型组合,其光合源相对较充分,顶部3片叶的光合产物基本能满足籽粒的正常灌浆结实,对下部叶片光合物质量的需求量相对较小。此外,倒4以下叶片提高结实率的作用还与本田移栽密度呈极显著负相关,植株基部光照强度的改善有利于倒4以下叶片提高结实率的作用。With 26 mid-season hybrid rice combinations as materials,the relationship between the effects of leaves below 4th leaf from top at full heading（LB4LFTFH） on seed set percentage and source-sink ratio,was examined by removing leaves,sparse planting,plants density transplanted and level of N applied.The results showed that there was highly significant difference of the effects of LB4LFTFH on seed set percentage among 26 mid-season hybrid rice combinations and a highly significant positive correlation between the effects（y） of LB4LFTFH on seed set percentage and number（x） of spikelets per panicle,y=0.1406x-22.941 and R2=0.7941.When mid-season hybrid rice combinations had more than 185 spikelets per panicle,there were significant or highly significant effects of LB4LFTFH on seed set percentage.The reason was that there were highly significant negative correlation between spikelets per panicle and leaf-grain ratio among mid-season hybrid rice combinations.The large-panicle type hybrid rice showed a significant decrease in leaf-grain ratio and there existed a highly imbalance in the source to sink ratio,so the photosynthetic matter of LB4LFTFH should be used to maintain normal grain filling.The small-or middle-panicle hybrid rice was on the contrary.Moreover,highly significant negative correlation were observed between the effects of LB4LFTFH on seed set percentage and plants density transplanted,and the good light condition could improve seed set percentage of LB4LFTFH.

关 键 词：杂交中稻 齐穗期 下部叶片 结实率 库源结构 

分 类 号：S511.044[农业科学—作物学]