蒸汽爆破预处理对玉米秸秆化学组成及纤维结构特性的影响  

Effect of Steam-explosion Pretreatment on Chemical Components and Cellulosic Structure of Corn Stalk

作　　者：陈尚钘[1,2] 勇强[2] 徐勇[2] 朱均均[2] 余世袁[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]南京林业大学林木遗传与生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2009年第B10期33-38,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871922);国家863计划资助(2008AA05Z401)

摘　　要：研究了蒸汽爆破预处理对玉米秸秆化学组成变化及纤维素酶水解得率的影响,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和红外光谱(IR)对玉米秸秆纤维结构特性进行了分析。结果表明,蒸汽爆破预处理对纤维素影响不显著,半纤维素含量大幅度降低,木质素含量也有所降低。纤维素酶水解得率随着爆破压力的增大和维压时间的延长而增加,当蒸汽压力为1.6MPa,维压时间9 min时所得固体渣经纤维素酶水解,得率最大为75.76%。蒸汽爆破预处理后玉米秸秆纤维表面和细胞壁受到不同程度的破坏,表面积增大,孔洞增加,纤维素的结晶度降低,有利于纤维素酶水解作用的进行。蒸汽爆破是一种有效的木质纤维预处理方法。The effects of steam-explosion pretreatment on composition and enzymatic hydrolysis rate of solid residues for corn stalk were investigated and the fiber structure of pretreated residues were studied with scanning electron microscopy （ SEM ） , infrared （IR） and X-rays diffraction spectrum methods. There was no significant difference in cellulose content. Hemicellulose was largely degraded, and a portion of lignin was also solubilized. The digestibility of solid residues after steam explosion increased with the increase of steaming pressure and residence time. When an enzyme loading of cellulase 20 FPIU/g of cellulose was applied and hydrolyzed for 72 h, the highest enzymatic hydrolysis yield 75.76 % was obtained when corn stalk was pretreated at 1.6 MPa for 9 min. The results indicated that fiber surface and cellular wall of corn stalk are broken in various extents, such as the increasing of specific surface area and pore volume, the decreasing of crystallinity of cellulose, which are favorable to increase the enzymatic hydrolysis rate. Steam explosion is one of the effective pretreatment methods for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 蒸汽爆破 纤维素酶水解 化学组成 纤维结构 

分 类 号：TQ353.14[化学工程]