从《韵会定正》论《洪武正韵》的得失——兼论明太祖“中原雅音”的性质  

On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Hong Wu Zheng Yun 《洪武正韵》 Based on Yun Hui Ding Zheng 《韵会定正》

作　　者：丁治民[1] 赵金文[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学人文学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《语言科学》2009年第6期648-659,共12页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(编号:05BYY053);中国博士后科学基金(20070410403)

摘　　要：七十六韵本、八十韵本的《洪武正韵》均是以明太祖"壹以中原雅音为定"的要求加以编纂的,但均未得到其认可。问题在于明太祖对"中原雅音"未作明确的说明,所以宋濂、汪广洋等对什么是"中原雅音"就很难捉摸,而《韵会定正》是在明太祖对八十韵本《洪武正韵》"字义音切未能尽"而需"重加校正"情况下进呈的,深得其认可而加以刊行。本文以存于《永乐大典》中的部分《韵会定正》为标准,从释义和注音两方面衡量八十韵本《洪武正韵》的得失,进而略窥明太祖的"中原雅音"的性质。Compiled in accordance with the instructions of Ming Taizu （the first emperor of Ming Dynasty） to adopt Zhongyuan Yayin （the common language in the Central Plains） as the sole standard, the two versions of Hong Wu Zheng Yun, which were based on 76 vowels and 80 vowels respectively, were not recognized by the emperor. As the emperor did not explain explicitly was meant by Zhongyuan Yayin, Song Lian and Wang Guangyang did not have a clear idea about it. In view of the imperfections in Hong Wu Zheng Yun in terms of meaning and sound, the emperor demanded further improvement, thus resulting in Yun Hui Ding Zheng, which won his recognition and got circulated. Therefore, based on Yun Hui Ding Zheng collected in Yong Le Da Ding, this paper attempts to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of Hong Wu Zheng Yun composed of 80 vowels in terms of annotation and phonetic notation, and further explore the nature of Zhongyuan Yayin put forward by the emperor.

关 键 词：《洪武正韵》 八十韵本 《韵会定正》 

分 类 号：H114.3[语言文字—汉语]