一种中空短柱径向-扭转振动复合型超声波电动机  

A Radial-Torsional Vibration Hybrid Type Ultrasonic Motor With Hollow and Short Cylindrical Structure

作　　者：王剑[1] 郭吉丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2009年第10期6-11,共6页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60575059);国防基础研究资助项目

摘　　要：纵扭复合型超声波电动机比其他类型的超声波电动机更具低速大力矩的特点,可实现高精度直接驱动,可作伺服电动机使用,适合于多种场合,特别是航空航天等军事领域。由于纵、扭振动在定子中的传播速度不一样,其纵、扭两相谐振频率的调谐一直是个难题。本文提出了一种新型的径向-扭转复合型超声波电动机,利用了定子径向振动时因泊松效应产生的纵向振动,其实质是径向振动和扭转振动的复合,是一种变形了的纵扭复合型超声波电动机。其定子具有中空、短柱等特点,可方便实现一阶径向振动与一阶扭转振动谐振频率的调谐及其结构等的优化。文中给出了中空短柱的电动机定子结构,建立了径向振动的理论分析模型,分析了其调谐原理和过程,并结合ANSYS有限元计算实现定子结构优化设计。最后根据上述理论研制了Φ60mm的样机,实现的样机性能较好,其空载转速为25r/min,堵转力矩为5N·m。这种超声波电动机较以往电动机具有轴向尺寸小、重量轻和无噪声等优点。The longitudinal-torsional hybrid type ultrasonic motor offers bigger torque and lower revolution speed compared with other kinds of ultrasonic motors. It can drive devices directly and precisely, so it is adapted to many fields especially in the aeronautics and astronautics as a servo-actuator. Because spread speeds of longitudinal and torsional vibrations are different in the stator, it is difficult to match longitudinal and torsional resonant frequencies. A newly radial-torsional vibration hybrid type ultrasonic motor is put forward, with the hollow and short cylindrical structure. Utilizing longitudinal vibration derived from radial vibration by Poisson effect, it＇s easy to make first-order radial and first-order torsional frequencies into degeneracy. Firstly, the new motor structure and radial vibration model are established. Then the principle of degenerating is analyzed and the structure of the stator was optimized by ANSYS software. Finally a Ф60mm prototype is fabricated and it performes well. The no-load velocity and maximum torque are 25r/min and 5 N·m, respectively. This kind of motor is small, light and non-noisy.

关 键 词：超声波电动机 径向-扭转复合型振子 调谐 中空结构 短柱结构 

分 类 号：TM356[电气工程—电机]