基于利益相关者理论的企业环境绩效影响因素研究  

The Driving Force of Improving Coroparate Environmental Performance Based on the Stakeholder Theory

作　　者：刘蓓蓓[1] 俞钦钦[1] 毕军[1] 张炳[1] 张永亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2009年第6期80-84,共5页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(编号:2008ZX07633-04);国家环境保护部环保公益性行业科研专项(编号:200809074)资助

摘　　要：基于利益相关者理论,通过构建企业环境绩效与企业受到各利益相关者环境压力的计量模型,并在江苏常熟地区展开问卷调查,分析了影响企业环境绩效的利益相关者,结果表明:在该实证区域,以主动性环境管理行为度量企业环境绩效时,投资者、竞争者、消费者和社区居民等外部利益相关者对企业环境绩效的提高有显著的正影响;政府虽然给企业造成了很高的环境压力,但并不是造成企业之间环境绩效差异的原因;媒体和环保非政府组织等外部利益相关者作用尚不明显。结论说明:我国政府通过引入利益相关者参与企业环境治理,已经取得一定成效。建议我国政府继续推动环境政策创新,积极创造更多利益相关者成长的制度空间,为我国企业环境绩效的提高提供更多动力。Based on the stakeholder theory, this study established an econometric model to identify the key external stakeholders that may play a role in engaging enterprises to take environmental management initiatives, and tested the hypothesis by questionnaire in Changshu city. The results indicate that investors, consumers, competitors, and local community have positive significant effects in improving corporate environmental management. Though pressure from the government is relatively high, it does not implicate positive effect on corporate environmental performance. The role of media, environmental NGOs are not significant, either. Conclusions implicate that the Chinese government has made some improvements through inducing various stakeholders to participate in corpoamte environmental governance. Suggustions are that Chinese government should keep on promoting policy innovation, exploring more institutional space for more stakeholders and providing new driving force for the improvement of corporate environmental management.

关 键 词：企业 环境绩效 主动性环境管理 利益相关者 

分 类 号：F270.05[经济管理—企业管理]