生计资本与生计策略关系研究——以张掖市甘州区为例  

Analysis about the Relationship Between Livelihood Capital and Livelihood Strategies:Take Ganzhou in Zhangye City as a Example

作　　者：苏芳[1] 蒲欣冬[1] 徐中民[2] 王立安[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学经济学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区流域水文及应用生态实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]广东海洋大学经济管理学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2009年第6期119-125,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"中国西北地区虚拟水战略研究"(编号:40671076);中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)"流域集成水资源管理战略研究"(编号:KZCX2-XB2-04-04);国家科技支撑计划(NO:2007BAD46B08)的资助

摘　　要：农民的生计安全与质量问题是当今中国农村的核心问题,稳定的生计可以使有关的政策协调发展、消除贫困并可持续地利用资源。本文采用可持续生计框架为研究基础,农户的生计资产为框架核心,通过建立可持续生计评价指标体系,对农户的生计资产状况和由此决定的资产配置方式——生计策略及二者之间的关系进行初步的研究探讨。结果表明:对张掖市甘州区农户而言,物质资本的值最高(其值为0.609),人力资本的数值相对较高(其值为0.516),社会资本次之(其值为0.354),金融资本和自然资本的数值相对较低(其值分别为0.286和0.241)。在其他条件不变的情况下,自然资本每增加一个单位,将引起农户选择以非农为主与以农业为主生计策略的发生比缩小0.119倍;当其他解释变量不变时,金融资本每增加一个单位,将引起农户选择以非农为主与以农业为主生计策略的发生比扩大9.698倍。所以要想实现农户生计多样化,加强农户抵御风险的能力,政府就必须加强对其资金、技术等方面的支持,使其有能力和资本储备从农业生产转向二、三产业,从而促使农户生计水平得以提高。The security and quality of livelihood for farmers is the core issue for rural areas in China. The stable livelihhood would make the coordinated development of related polices, eradicate poverty and use resources sustainably. The basis of this study is sustainable livelihood framework, the core of which is livehhood assets. The article takes a preliminary study about the relationship between livelihood capital and hvelihood strategies which is the assets＇ allocation. The results show that the physical capital is the maximum value（the corresponding value is 0. 609） for farmers in Ganzhou, the human capital is relatively high value（the corresponding value is 0. 516）, follwed by social capital. （the corresponding value is 0. 354）, financial capital and natural capital are realtively low value （the corresponding value are relatively 0. 286 and 0.241）. The natural capital increased by 1 unit will cause the occurrence ratio for farmers choosing the non-agricultural and agriculture to be the former 0.119 times as other conditions remain invariable. The financial capital increased by 1 unit will cause the occurrence ratio for farmers choosing the non-agricultural and agriculture to be the former 9. 698 times as other conditions remain invariable. So the government must enhance the surpport of fund and technology in order to achieve the livelihood diversity and strengthen the ability to resist risks for farmers and establish the relevant policy which can enable the farmers provided with enough ability and asset reserves to transit from agricultural production to secondary and tertiary industries in order to improve the livelihood level for farmers.

关 键 词：可持续生计(SLA) 生计资本 生计策略 层次分析法(AHP) 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]