中国外交决策机制变迁研究(1949～2009年)  

China's Diplomatic Decision-making Mechanism:Changes and Evolution since 1949

作　　者：宫力[1] 门洪华[2] 孙东方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校国际战略研究所 [2]中共中央党校国际战略研究中心

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2009年第11期44-54,共11页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：外交决策机制在中国外交60年中发挥了重要作用,其自身也经历复杂的发展历程。毛泽东时期,中国外交决策机制初创,呈现出高度的封闭性、革命性,集权化色彩浓厚。邓小平时期,中国外交决策机制逐步改进,决策观念实现了从"革命"向"务实"的重大转变,决策结构突破了原有领域,经济部门、研究部门在外交决策中的作用日益重要。江泽民和胡锦涛时期,中国外交决策机制走向成熟,决策观念更加丰富,参与部门更加广泛。作者以外交决策的民主化、制度化、科学化为评估标准,梳理中国外交决策机制的发展脉络,分析各个阶段的变化及其特点,并做出相应的评价,以期从决策分析的新视角对当代中国外交的历史进程做出阐述和总结。Decision-making mechanism has played a very important role in China's diplomacy. In Mao's period,China's diplomatic decision-making mechanism was just established,showing a high degree of closure,revolutionary and centralization. Being improved in Deng's Era,the concepts of decision-making had changed from 'revolutionary' to 'pragmatic',while the structure of decision-making optimized as the role of economic and research departments in the decision-making process became increasingly important. In Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao's time,China's diplomatic decision-making mechanism was developed to maturity,with richer concepts of decision-making and more extensive departments involved. In this paper,using the democratic,scientific and institional level as assessing criteria,the author combs the evlotionary process of China's foreign affairs decision-making mechanism,analyzes and assesses the changes and characteristics in different stages,and tries to elaborate and summarize the history of contemporary China's foreign affairs from the new perspective of decision-making analysis.

关 键 词：中国 外交决策 机制 历史分析 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]