日本少林寺拳法体系及其对中国武术发展的启示  

The System of Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing and Its Message for Development of Chinese Wushu

作　　者：周兰萍[1] 都菊英[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学体育学院,上海200444 [2]上海立信会计学院体育部,上海201600

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2009年第6期734-736,766,共4页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

摘　　要：日本少林寺拳法源于中国,是中国武道在国外成功发展的典范之一。采用文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法,对日本少林寺拳法体系进行分析。结果显示:日本少林寺拳法技术动作结构简单精炼,不求虚势;晋级制度倡导武德与武技并重,讲究实效;组织机构分工明确、各负其责,是日本少林寺拳法保持良性运转和迅速发展壮大的组织保证;文化上的"拿来主义"传统,使日本少林寺拳法善于兼容并蓄,广取他人之长,逐步形成自我更新机制,并不断持续发展。提出其对中国武术发展的启示:改变传统观念、对外来文化采取"兼容并蓄"的态度,对当今武术的发展具有重要的指导意义;强化武德教育,发掘武术的内在价值,将武术从单纯追求强身健体、防身自卫的外在目的与通过技术的艰苦磨炼来认识自我、改造人性和建立良好的精神观念的内在要求融为一体;善于交流,广泛吸取其他民族搏击项目的先进成果;探求中国武术发展规律,发扬中国武术技击精华;以段位制工作为基础,使中国武术走向规范化发展轨道等。Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing is originated from China.It is one of the most successful overseas models that has developed from Chinese Wushu.By means of literature review and interviews with experts,the authors have analyzed the system of Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing.The research shows that the technique and movement structure of Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing are simple and precise without any empty shows.The promotion system concentrates on virtue as well as the technique of Wushu and values actual effects. Its organization structure has a definite division of labor which contributes to the healthy cycle and rapid development of Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing. A culture that has a tradition of drawing on the experience of others causes Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing to incorporate many aspects of a diverse nature and to use the merits of others. This has set up a gradually updating system that is continually developing. The lessons to be learned by Chinese Wushu from Japanese Shaolin Temple Boxing include：changing traditional concepts and generating an attitude that may incorporate things of diverse natures （especially for foreign cultures which have a guiding significance on current development of Wusbu） ; concentrating on virtue education and exploiting the inner values of Wushu; combining exercises for keeping oneself healthy and for defending oneself with hard exercises of recognizing oneself, transforming human nature and the inner de- mand of establishing a sound spiritual status; improving exchanges and gaining experiences from advanced martial sports of other nationalities; seeking the regular pattern of development of Chinese Wushu and carrying forward the essence of Chinese Wushu ＇s techniques; with a work-based system,enabling Chinese Wushu to move towards a path of standardized development.

关 键 词：日本 少林寺拳法 组织运作体系 传统文化 技击 启示 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]