安徽沿江棉区控失型化肥施用技术研究  

Research on the Application Technology of Controlled-release Chemical Fertilizer in the Cotton Area along Yangtze River in Anhui Province

作　　者：余立祥[1] 邱冠男[1] 吴跃进[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院等离子体物理研究所离子束生物工程学实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第32期15824-15826,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省科技攻关(08010302117);中国科学院方向性项目;中国科学院合肥物质科学院院长基金

摘　　要：[目的]研究控失肥在棉区的施用技术,验证控失肥的"控失"效果及其经济效益。[方法]以当地主要推广的抗虫棉品种为供试作物,通过在安徽省沿江棉田进行施肥试验研究了控失肥不同施用方式对棉花产量和效益的影响。[结果]与一次基施全部控失肥相比,将控失肥分3次施用使棉花产量增加了240kg/hm2,棉农的净收入增加了156元/hm2;将控失肥基施,后期追施速效化肥使棉花产量增加了7.04%,棉农的净收入增加了833.4元/hm2。施用减氮20%的控失肥的棉花的现蕾期提前了6d,开花期提前了7d,吐絮期提前了8d,生育期短了8d。与施用普通氮肥的棉花相比,施用控失氮肥的棉花的秋桃增加幅度为22.29%～36.31%,皮棉产量增加了27.78%。[结论]该研究为在安徽沿江棉区推广应用控失肥提供了科学依据。[ Objective ] The purpose was to research the application technology of controlled-release fertilizer in cotton area and validate its controlled-release effect and economic benefit. [ Method ] With the insect-resistant cotton varieties mainly popularized in the local place as tested crops, the effect of different application methods of controlled-release fertilizer on the yield and benefit of cotton was researched through carrying out fertilization experiment in the cotton fields along Yangtze River in Anhui Province. [ Result] Compared with applying all the con- trolled-release fertilizer as base fertilizer at the first fertilization, when the controlled-release fertilizer was applied 3 times separately, the cotton yield was increased for 240 kg/hm2 and the net income of cotton farmers was increased for 156 yuan/hm2 ; when the controlled-release fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer and the fast-available chemical fertilizer was dressed in the anaphase, the cotton yield was increased by 7.04% and the net income of cotton farmers was increased for 833.4 yuan/hm2. The squaring period of cottons applied with controlled-release fertiliz- er, the N content of which was reduced by 20%, was advanced for 6 d, their flowering period was advanced for 7 d, their boll opening period was advanced for 8 d and their growth period was shorted for 8 d. Compared with the cottons applied with common N fertilizer, the increase range of autumn boll of the cottons applied with controlled-release N fertilizer was 22.29% -36.31% and their lint yield was increased by 27.78%. [ Conclusion] This research provided scientific basis for the popularization and application of controlled-release fertilizer in the cotton area along Yangtze River in Anhui.

关 键 词：安徽沿江棉区 控失型化肥 施用技术 

分 类 号：S147.3[农业科学—肥料学]