大学生心身健康与抑郁症状的相关关系研究  

Correlation Between Psychosomatic Health and Depressive Symptoms among University Students.

作　　者：周鄂生[1] 陈寿斌[1] 王茂胜[3] 吴江明[1] 王声萍[1] 贺玲[1] 荣华[1] 李元华[1] 张铭[3] 张兴安[4] Ping Qin 杨旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学校医院,武汉430079 [2]丹麦奥胡斯大学注册数据研究中心 [3]华中师范大学数统学院 [4]华中师范大学数统学院

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2009年第10期50-54,共5页Journal of Medical Research

基　　金：中国/丹麦政府科技交流合作项目(AM15:3);丹麦政府DANIDA奖学金;华中师范大学自然科学基金重点项目

摘　　要：目的探讨大学生的心身健康状况与抑郁症状之间的相关关系。方法采用贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI-21条)和自行设计的问卷表对武汉市一所高校1197名本科大学生进行流行病学调查,回收有效问卷1179份(男生432份、女生747份)。结果 30.27%的大学生有抑郁症状,其中轻度为24.34%、中度5.0%、重度仅为0.93%。女生抑郁症状的发生率略高于男生(31.86%与27.55%)。无性别、年级、专业、是否独生子女和城乡(家庭住址)差别。调整后的Logist回归分析发现:父母被诊断有精神疾病(OR=2.38,P<0.05)、样本学生自己有身体疾病(OR=3.83,P<0.01)、自我报告精神状况不好(OR=28.91,P<0.01)、没有朋友(OR=19.02,P<0.01)、只有1～2个朋友(OR=4.68,P<0.01)是与抑郁症状显著相关的危险因素;而课余参加一种社团活动(OR=0.48,P<0.05)显示为抑郁症状的保护因素。本研究结果显示多数有抑郁症状的学生报告自己和父母的身体和精神健康状况较差;他们几乎没有朋友;他们课余时间很少参加社团活动。结论高校开展大学生精神健康保健和心理咨询工作非常重要,有必要构建校园情绪支持和社会援助体系,以利于非临床症状的抑郁大学生能够得到年级辅导员老师、班干部和寝室长的及时救助和鼓励。Objective To explore the correlation between psychosomatic health and depressive symptoms among university studenta. Methods Using a stratified random sampling method we selected 1197 students from a university in Wuhan and adopted the 21 -item Beck Depression Inventory （BDI） together with a self- designed questionnaire for assessment and data collection. We received completed questionnaires from 1179 students （432 male and 747 female students）. We computed the contingency frequency of study variables and examined risk factors for depressive symptom using conditional logistic regression. Results We observed about 30.27% of the young students with depressive symptoms, and 24.34% , 5.0% and 0.93% of them had a mild, modest and severe depressive symptom, respectively. The rate in female students was slightly higher than that in male students （31.86% vs 27.55% ）. We compared variables such as sex, study year, speciality and liveplace of family with the BDI scores by Chi -square Test, but there was not significant difference. We performed a part of multivariate logistic regressions and adjusted with sex, study year, liveplace of family and singlechild. We found that significant associated risk factors with depressive symptoms included parent（s） with diagnosed psychiatric illness（ OR = 2.38, P 〈 0.05 ） , sampling student self with physical illness（ OR = 3.83 ,P 〈 0.01 ） , self - report a poor psychological status（ OR = 28.91 ,P 〈 0.0i ） , without friend（ OR = 19.02 ,P 〈 0.01 ） , with 1 - 2 friends（ OR = 4.68, P 〈 0.01 ） , but with one group activity at spare time（ OR = 0.48,P 〈 0.05 ） tended as a protective factor associated with depressive symptoms. In the present study, depressive students were more often reporting self and parent（s） with poor physical and mental health status; they were also more often having fewer friends and did not attend any activities at spare time. Conclusion These results indicate the importance and necessity of promoting mental health

关 键 词：大学生 流行病学调查 抑郁症状 危险因素 保护因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.3[医药卫生—医学心理学]