主要栽培牧草营养动态及适宜利用时期  

Nutrient Composition and Suitable Use Period for the Main Cultivated Forages.

作　　者：桂荣[1] 那日苏[1] 夏明[1] 玉兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所

出　　处：《中国草地》1998年第5期38-45,共8页Grassland of China

基　　金：中国农业科学院院长基金

摘　　要：以我国北方主要栽培牧草３０个品种为材料，用常规分析法、范氏洗涤纤维分析法、酶分析方法测定评价了主要栽培牧草的营养成分及营养价值，分析比较其动态变化，提出了不同牧草适宜利用的生育期。结果表明，豆科牧草的粗蛋白质（ＣＰ）含量高于禾本科牧草，总纤维（ＯＣＷ）含量低于禾本科牧草，低消化性纤维（Ｏｂ）含量无明显差异；但豆科牧草随生育期变化不大，而禾本科牧草随生育期变化明显。豆科牧草酸性洗涤纤维（ＡＤＦ）含量高于禾本科牧草，高消化性纤维（Ｏａ）含量禾本科牧草明显高于豆科牧草，总体上豆科牧草消化率低于禾本科牧草。豆科牧草营养价值大部分呈现随生育期进程阶段性下降的趋势，而禾本科牧草大部分从营养期到开花期表现急速下降。综合分析获得高品质饲草的适宜利用时期，禾本科牧草大部分为营养期，少部分在整个生育期均无大的差异；豆科牧草在营养期，开花期及营养期或成熟期无大的差异。Changes of the main nutritent compositions and nutrition values of 30 main cultivated forages in the northern area of China were studied. Results indicated that CP contents of forage legumes were higher than those of grasses and OCW contents of forage legumes were lower than those of grasses, Ob contents of forage legumes were as the sameas grasses. Ob contents of forage legumes were related to growing time. Ob contents of grasses have not obvious relations with growing time. ADF contents of forage legumes were higher than those of grasses and Oa contents of forage legumes were lower than those of grasses. Digestibility of forage legumes was lower than that of grasses. Nutrition value of forage legumes decreased with growing time. Nutrition value of grasses decreased until blooming period. Suitable use time of grass as fine forage feed was in nutrient period, while suitable use time of forage legumes was in nutrient, bloom and mature period.

关 键 词：栽培牧草 营养 利用时期 

分 类 号：S540.4[农业科学—作物学]