EPR悖论、量子远程关联及其判决性实验——从逻辑观点看  

EPR Paradox,Quantum Long-range Correlation and Its Crucial Experiment——A Perspective of Logic

作　　者：桂起权[1] 姜小慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,武汉430072 [2]华中科技大学哲学系,武汉430074

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2009年第6期12-17,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目"量子信息中的哲学问题研究"(06JBZ0098);教育部重点研究基地重大项目"量子测量解释研究"(05JJDD720201)

摘　　要：1.EPR悖论产生的要害或根源在于,背景知识是"有毛病的"却又被公认为正确的。爱因斯坦等人借助于理想实验和EPR论证,发掘了量子力学背后在元理论层次的奇特的非定域性假设,从表面上看,似乎违背相对论的要求。2.贝尔不等式的实验检验属于"判决性实验"的范畴。3.纽拉特的"船上修船"与波普尔的"沼泽地"隐喻都生动地说明科学理论可以有相对可靠的经验基础。同样道理,"可错的背景知识"有资格成为"判决性实验"的相对可靠的逻辑基础,因此判决性实验的判决效力也是相对确定的。4.爱因斯坦想维护实在论和非超距作用并不错,但量子整体性或远程关联性也不容忽视,它将展示有待进一步挖掘的深刻含义。1. The key or origin of EPR paradox lies in the fact that there is something wrong with the background knowledge which is accepted as correct. Through ideal experiment and EPR argument, Einstein and others have found that the metatheoretical non - local hypothesis behind quantum mechanics seems to conflict with the theory of relativity. 2. Experiment test of Bell＇ s inequality is a kind of ＂crucial experiment＂. 3. The metaphors of Neurath＇ s ＂repairing the ship during voyage＂ and Popper＇ s ＂swamp＂ have given a vivid explanation that scientific theories may have a relatively reliable base of experience. Accordingly, ＂the background knowledge that could be wrong＂ is qualified to be the relatively reliable logic base of ＂crucial experiment＂. 4. Einstein is not wrong in defending realism and non - act - a - distance. However, the holism of quantum mechanics and long - range correlation cannot be ignored, for they will have profound implication which calls for further study.

关 键 词：EPR悖论 贝尔不等式 判决性实验 远程关联性 非定域性 背景知识 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]