杜甫诗歌所叙唐代陇蜀荆湘气候特征  

Climatic Features of Long, Shu, Jin and Xiang in the Tang Dynasty Revealed in DU Fu’s Poems

作　　者：邓乐群[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学文学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2009年第6期58-64,共7页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：杜甫诗歌具有广义的史学价值。杜甫晚年飘泊诗作的相关描述,较为真实而又全面地反映了唐代陇、蜀、荆、湘沿途城市的气候特征。唐代秦州秋阳杲杲,秋雨迷蒙,秋霜凛冽,秋月凄清,同谷岁暮则雨多雪盛,偶见冬虹;成都四季分明,冷热适中,然时有春旱、夏洪发生;夔州夏秋毒热,巫山雾瘴、云雨、霜雪、雷电变幻莫测;荆州及湖湘东南一带春季早暖,夏季酷热多雨、易发洪水,秋季前热后凉,冬季冷热不均。唐代陇、蜀、荆、湘沿途城市的气候与今天上述各地情况基本相符,杜甫夏秋叹热莫过于夔州与潭州,亦与今天的重庆和长沙同列全国"火炉"城市地位相当。另据杜诗所叙剑门蜀道腊月山花开放,通泉冬季蚊蚋活跃,成都四月黄梅成熟,戎州、泸州六月盛产荔枝,江陵正月嫩荷抽叶、飞燕营巢,潭州正月蜂鸣密林、燕舞江滨,湘潭二月南风蒸地、春热黄昏等情况,唐代陇、蜀、荆、湘一带的年平均气温似应高于今天。DU Fu＇s poems are of great historic values, and his poems in his later years authentically and completely reveal the climatic features of cities in Long, Shu, Jin and Xiang in Tang Dynasty. Qinzhou in the Tang Dynasty was featured by burning sun, drizzling, frosts, cool moon in autumn, and abundant rain and snow in winter. Chengdu enjoyed four distinct seasons and moderate temperature, but sometimes there were droughts in spring and floods in summer. Kuizhou was notorious for hot summer and autumn, fogs in Wushan Mountain, and unpredictable clouds, rains, frosts and thunders. Jinzhou and the southeastern areas in Hunan warmed easily in spring, rained and flooded frequently in summer, and experienced uneven temperature during autumn and winter. The climatic features of the above-mentioned cities are the same as those today, and the hottest cities named by DU Fu, Kuizhou and Tanzbou, are in the same place as Chongqin and Chasha today. DU Fu also depicted the winter blossoms in Jianmen, active movements of mosquitoes in winter in Tongquan, ripe plums in April in Chengdu, abundant litehis in Rongzhou and Luzhou, lotus sprouts in Jiangling, and buzzing bees and dense forests in winter in Tanzhou, all of which indicates that the average temperatm＇e in Long, Shu, Jin and Xiang in Tang Dynasty was higher than that of today.

关 键 词：杜甫诗歌 唐代 陇蜀荆湘 气候特征 

分 类 号：I207.227.42[文学—中国文学] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]