停表错觉的机制:注意是否为决定因素  

Attention Does Not Play a Role in Chronostasis Effect

作　　者：邵娜[1] 冯成志[2] 李杰[1] 来晶晶[1] 水仁德[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028 [2]苏州大学应用心理学研究所,苏州215123

出　　处：《应用心理学》2009年第1期17-24,29,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20060335034);国家自然科学基金(30870765);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(07JZD0029);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630760)

摘　　要：通过两个实验探讨了注意是否影响停表错觉(chronostasis)。实验一要求被试在注视时或眼跳后,估计处于眼跳目标或其附近位置的刺激的持续时间;实验二要求被试在眼跳条件下辨别眼跳目标或其附近位置的刺激,以考查两种位置的注意水平。结果表明,眼跳目标位置的注意水平高于其附近位置,而两种位置均可产生停表错觉,且两者的错觉量近似相等。从而说明注意并不影响停表错觉,停表错觉的机制可能是眼跳目标及其附近刺激的知觉提前。Our estimation of time does not always correspond to the physical reality, but is subject to distortion depending on the observer＇ s attentional state. Numerous studies have demonstrated that attended stimuli have longer apparent duration. Considering the close link between attention and saceade, it is possible that the ehronostasis （i. e. subjective temporal lengthening of a visual stimulus perceived following a saecadie eye movement）is brought by attention to some extent. The present study was designed to examine directly whether attention can bring on chronostasis. In Experiment 1, the chronostasis magnitudes were estimated at the saecade target and around it. In Experiment 2, we compared the attention level between the saecade target and around it just before the onset of a saccade. The results showed that a visual stimulus presented just before the onset of a saccade was more accurately identified when it was coincident with the saccade target as compared with when it was displayed around the saccade target. In addition, the participants subjectively lengthened the duration of the first visual stimulus perceived after a saccade not only at the saccade target＇s position, but also at the positions around the saccade target equally. Therefore, the results effectively exclude the possible role of attention in chronostasis. We propose that chronostasis might be probably caused by the perceptual antedating of objects at and around the saccade target.

关 键 词：注意 眼跳 停表错觉 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]