早产儿能量和蛋白质摄入及其体重增长的分析  

An analysis of energy and protein intakes and weight gain of preterm infants

作　　者：刘光辉[1,2] 张健[1] 胡传来[1] 刘维民[2] 芦玮玮[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学儿童临床学院新生儿科,安徽合肥230051

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第6期616-618,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿早期的能量和蛋白质摄入特点以及体重增长状况。方法对2007年10月～2008年10月入住安徽省立儿童医院新生儿科的157例早产儿进行定群研究，按出生胎龄不同，将研究对象分为出生胎龄〈32w组与出生胎龄≥32w组，分别比较两组早产儿能量和蛋白质的摄入特点以及体重增长情况。结果①出生胎龄〈32w组早产儿中给予肠外营养的比例明显多于出生胎龄≥32w组（χ^2=12．279，P〈0．01）；在达足量喂养日龄上，出生胎龄〈32w组明显晚于出生胎龄≥32w组（t=4．351，P〈0．01）；在第1周内，总能量摄入量两组之间比较差异无统计学意义，而在蛋白质的摄入量上出生胎龄〈32w组低于出生胎龄≥32w组（t=-2．153，P〈0．05），第2周内，出生胎龄〈32w组在总能量和蛋白质的摄入量上均低于出生胎龄〉≥32w组（t分别为-2．143、-2．727，均P〈0．05）；②出生胎龄〈32w组早产儿的体重下降幅度和恢复出生体重日龄均高于出生胎龄≥32W组早产儿（t分别为4．264、4．365，均P〈0．01）；③早产儿出生时体重越低，出生后发生生长迟缓的风险越高。结论早产儿住院期间能量和蛋白质的摄入普遍不足，且体重增长状况不理想，应加强对早产儿进行早期合理的营养干预，以促进其健康生长。Objective To investigate characteristics of early energy and protein intakes and status of weight gain of preterm infants. Methods 157 preterm infants were selected in a cohort study and prospective dynamic observation in Department of Neonatology of Anhui Provincial Children＇ s Hospital in a period from Oct. , 2007 to Oct. , 2008. According to gestational age, the subjects were divided into GA 〈 32 weeks group and GA≥32 weeks group and their energy and protein intakes and status of weight gain in the two groups were compared. Results ①The proportion of preterm infants who received parenteral nutrition in the GA 〈 32 weeks group were significantly higher than the GA ≥32 weeks group（χ^2 = 12.279, P 〈 0.01 ）, and the day age of infants who achieved full dose of feeding in the GA 〈 32 weeks group were late than the GA≥ 32 weeks group （ t = 4. 351, P 〈 0.01 ）. Within the first week after birth, in total energy intake there was no significant difference between the two groups, but protein intake of preterm infants in the GA 〈 32 weeks group was lower than the GA≥32 weeks group（t = -2. 153 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Within the second week, the total energy intake and protein intake of preterm infants in the GA 〈 32 weeks group were both lower than GA ≥ 32 weeks group （ t = - 2. 143, - 2. 727 respectively, both P 〈 0.05 ） ; ②The extent of weight loss and days when the preterm infant recovered birth weight in the GA 〈 32 weeks group were higher than the GA 1〉 32 weeks group （t = 4.264, 4. 365 respectively, both P 〈 0.01 ） ; ③ The lower the birth weight of preterm infant, the higher the risk of growth retardation. Conclusion The energy and protein intakes of preterm infants are generally inadequate and their status of growth gain is not optimal during hospital stay. The early nutritional intervention for those preterm infants should be strengthened to promote healthy growth of those infants.

关 键 词：早产儿 营养 体重增长 生长迟缓 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]