杨木材性对单板胶合的影响及胶合工艺  

Effect of Wood Properties on Veneer Gluability and Gluing Technology for 6 Poplar Varieties

作　　者：李春生[1] 王金林[1] 赵戈[1] 姜惕[1] 杜荣 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院木材工业研究所

出　　处：《木材工业》1998年第6期13-16,27,共5页China Wood Industry

基　　金："八五"国家科技攻关专题

摘　　要：本文以组坯结构、涂胶量和热压条件等为单板胶合的相关因子进行了６种杨木单板胶合的正交试验，研究了胶合工艺的适应性和较优的工艺条件。结果表明：由于选用的杨树组系、产地等不同，树种间的材性差异较大，所以难以找出一个通用的胶合工艺条件；在所试验的６个品系杨树中大部分以采用热压单位压力０５～０８ＭＰａ、热压时间４０ｓ／ｍｍ、涂胶量２８０～３４０ｇ／ｍ２、脲醛胶填料（面粉）加量１５份的调胶配比及等厚单板组坯结构等工艺条件，能得到较高的胶合强度；美洲黑杨Ⅰ６９和欧美杨Ⅰ７２是容易胶合的树种，白杨组的新疆杨的化学性质在６种杨树中ｐＨ值最低、缓冲容量最小，所以单板胶合工艺条件无特殊要求，而青杨组的３个品系杨木ｐＨ值和缓冲容量均较大，不利于脲醛胶的固化，应采取适当措施，以保证胶合强度达到国标要求的指标。Veneer gluability and the gluing technology for 6 poplar varieties were studied by means of orthogonal experimental design with assembly pattern,resin consumption,adhesive formulation,and hot pressing technology as influencing factors.It was found that it was difficult to develop a set of universal gluing technology for all of the poplars tested because of the remarkable variation in wood properties among them.However,higher bonding strength could be obtained with pressing pressure of 0.5 to 0.8 MPa,pressing time of 40 s/mm,UF resin consumption of 280 to 340 g/m 2,additive ratio of 15 between wheat flour and resin,and assembly pattern of constant thickness in most cases.The Populus deltoides barter.CV.‘Lux’(Ⅰ 69/55) and P.×euramericana Guineir CV,‘San Martino’(Ⅰ 72/58)were easy to glue.The P.bolleana L.within the sect. Populus had the lowest pH value and buffering capacity,and therefore could be well glued without any special consideration.The P.cathayana Rehd.,P.simonii Carr.,and P.gansuensis C.Wang et H.L.Ying within sect. Tacamahaca had higher pH value and buffering capacity,and therefore the glue shear strength was not able to reach the Chinese National Standard’s requirement unless appropriate conditions were adopted.

关 键 词：杨木 材性 单板胶合 胶合工艺 

分 类 号：TS653.2[轻工技术与工程]