X射线荧光光谱法测定重金属元素的实验研究  

Experimental research on the determination of heavy metals by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

作　　者：张思冲[1] 周晓聪 张丽娟[1] 叶华香[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨市环境监测中心站,黑龙江哈尔滨150076

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2009年第11期20-23,34,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：黑龙江省科技厅科技攻关计划项目“哈尔滨市城郊菜地土壤重金属污染及其环境效应研究”(GC07C212);哈尔滨市科技局科技创新人才专项“哈尔滨市城市化土壤重金属污染及修复技术研究”(2008RFXXS011);黑龙江省教育厅2008年科学技术研究面上项目“大庆市城区土壤重金属污染研究”(11531226);哈尔滨师范大学科技发展预研项目“东北老工业基地城市化土壤重金属污染研究”(08xkyy06)

摘　　要：以大庆市北二十里泡为例,研究典型城市湿地沉积物重金属污染。在用X射线荧光光谱法测定沉积物中的重金属时,为检测实验分析的可靠性,随机抽取了10个样品做5次重复实验,其中Cd、Hg、Cr、Zn的相对标准偏差均小于5%,Cu和Pb的相对标准偏差均小于10%,Cr和Ni的相对偏差均小于20%。与化学法相比,X射线荧光法不需对固体样品进行消化处理,操作简便,可以同时测定多种元素,取得了与传统方法相一致的分析准确性和重复性。实验表明,此种方法测定沉积物中重金属是可行的。This paper is an experimental research about heavy metal contamination of sediment in typical wetlands Beiershili Pool in Daqing, Heilongjiang Province. During the determaination of heavy metals in the sedi- ment by X-ray Fluorescence Spectromtry 10 samples were randomly selected and determined for five repeated experiments. The relative standard deviations were all less than 5 % of Cd, Hg,Cr,Zn and 10% of Cu,Pb and 20% of Cr,Ni. Compared with chemical method, the method of X-ray fluorescence spectrum has the advantages of the sampling being simple, the analytical speed being quick, the result being accurate, etc. The heavy metals in the sediment were determined by the method and the precision and repeatability are in agreement with standard methods. The results of experiment show that this method may be used to determine heavy metals in the sediment.

关 键 词：X射线荧光光谱法 沉积物 重金属 实验研究 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]