茶树设施栽培技术探讨  

Discussion on the Protected Cultivation Technology of Tea Tree

作　　者：王世斌[1] 陆婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院,江苏南京210038

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第35期17476-17478,17484,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]分析比较设施栽培和露天栽培茶树的生长情况。[方法]将茶苗栽植于塑料盆内,盆径30 cm,盆高35 cm,基质配比蛭石∶黄土∶草炭=1∶1∶3,共100余盆,设施大棚内外各50盆,多余的置于其他大棚备用。通过观测记录茶树在2种不同栽培条件下的茶苗成活率、新稍生长量、着叶数、新稍生长速度等进行比较分析。[结果]茶树设施栽培下茶苗移栽成活率提高,茶树早春新稍生长量、着叶数增大,并提前萌发,新稍生长速度加快。[结论]茶树设施栽培是提早名优茶开采时间,提升茶叶品质,增加经济效益的重要栽培技术,且具有保温防霜防冻功能,在环境调控和管理等方面容易人为加以控制,是一项值得推广的应用技术。[ Objective ] The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare the growth status of tea trees in protected and open cultivations. [ Method] The tea seedlings were planted in the plastic pots with diameter of 30 cm and height of 35 cm. The proportion of vermiculite to loess to grass peat in substrate was 1：1：3. There were more than 100 pots, 50 pots were placed in the facilitated big-arch shelter and 50 pots were placed outside, the surplus were placed in the other big-arch shelters as store. Through observing and recording the survival rates of tea seed- lings, growth increments and velocities of new shoots and leaf numbers, the growth status of tea trees in the 2 different cultivations were com- pared and analyzed. [ Result] In protected cultivation, the transplanting survival rate of tea seedlings was enhanced, the growth increments of new shoots and leaf numbers of tea trees in early spring were increased and the new shoots were germinated earlier and grown faster. [ Conclusion ] The protected cultivation of tea tree was an important cultivation technology for bringing the picking time of high-quality and well-known tea forward, enhancing tea quality and increasing economic benefit. It had functions of heat preservation, frost protection and antifreezing and it was easy to control manually in the aspects such as environment regulation and management. So, it was an application technology worth of popularization.

关 键 词：茶树 设施栽培 露天栽培 生长量 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]