基于分维的水系发育程度与气候特征关系  

Relationship between fractal dimension of river networks and their climates

作　　者：王博[1] 田富强[1] 胡和平[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第12期1948-1953,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50779022)

摘　　要：研究水系分维与中国气候特征(降水量、干旱指数)的关系。采用计盒法,基于数字高程模型(DEM)和计盒法计算水系分维的不确定性,使用统一参数(汇流面积、盒子边长变化范围和变化倍数)计算了中国不同气候区20个流域的水系分维,并与其他文献对比。结果表明:湿润半湿润地区流域的水系分维较干旱半干旱地区高,半湿润地区流域的水系分维较湿润地区略高;水系分维和干旱指数有较好的相关性。对计算方法的规范可以提高不同流域水系分维间的可比性。The fractal dimension of river networks was related to the climatic conditions（precipitation,drought index） for 20 river basins in various climatic regions in China,using box-counting method with unified parameters（the confluence area,the box sizes,and the box size increment ratio） based on the digital elevation model（DEM）.The results show that the fractal dimensions in humid and sub-humid areas are higher than those in arid and semi-arid areas,while those in sub-humid areas are slightly higher than those in humid areas.Also,the fractal dimensions correlate well with the drought index.To contrast with literatures,a unified method is needed for fractal dimension calculation to improve the comparability between fractal numbers for different river basins.

关 键 词：流水地貌 水系分维 计盒法 干旱指数 气候 

分 类 号：P343[天文地球—水文科学] P931.1[天文地球—地球物理学]