对低执行功能小学儿童的训练研究  

Training on Low Executive Function in Primary School Students

作　　者：王晶[1] 陈英和[1] 仲宁宁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [2]北京青年政治学院社会工作系,北京100102

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2009年第6期777-779,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：全国教育科学规划国家重点项目(ABA050001);国家自然科学基金项目(30770729);北京市哲学社会科学十一五规划项目(06BaJY010);北京市教育科学十一五规划课题(ACA08017)

摘　　要：目的:通过训练提高在执行功能中抑制、工作记忆和认知灵活性上表现水平较低学生的成绩。方法:选取某小学二、四、六年级学生中执行功能水平较低者40人,采用训练组和控制组前后测比较的方法,使用抑制、认知灵活性以及记忆训练进行相应的培训。结果:对抑制或认知灵活性表现水平较低的儿童进行相应的训练,可以显著提高他们在这些任务上的表现;而工作记忆表现水平较低的儿童较难通过记忆训练得到显著的提高。结论:外部言语策略指导和训练有助于提高小学生的执行功能。Objective： To enhance the performance of low executive function students by training tasks of inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Methods： 40 7-11 years old participants from a primary school were selected to be trained on inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility. The training group was compared with a control group. Results： The training to participants who were weak in inhibition or in cognitive flexibility could be significantly effective; while the children who had low working memory were difficult to enhance by training. Conclusion： The study suggests that guidance of speech strategy and efficiency training can promote executive function.

关 键 词：执行功能 抑制 认知灵活性 工作记忆 小学儿童 训练 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]