6～11岁注意缺陷多动障碍儿童行为问题分析  

Study of behavior problems of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children aged 6～11 years

作　　者：王瑜[1] 张凤玲[1] 陈佳英[1] 刘锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属儿童医院上海市儿童医院,上海200040

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2009年第6期701-703,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：【目的】分析不同性别、不同年龄及不同智商水平注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorde，ADHD）儿童行为问题发生的特点和差异，为临床上ADHD的治疗和干预提供参考依据。【方法】对门诊符合DSM—Ⅳ诊断标准的321名ADHD儿童进行Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）检查和瑞文标准推理测验（CRT），比较不同性别、不同年龄、不同智商水平ADHD儿童行为问题发生的特点和差异。【结果】ADHD男童在多动、违纪、攻击性方面行为因子得分显著高于女童，而女童在抑郁、社交退缩方面行为因子得分显著高于男童（P值均〈0．05）。行为问题的检出率有随年龄增大而增高的趋势，其中在交往不良、多动、攻击性、违纪方面，9～11岁年龄组与6～8岁年龄组相比，差异有显著性（P值均〈0．05）。智商优秀组、中间组、边缘组三组行为问题的发生率分别为71．8％，83．6％，100％，差异无显著性（P〉0．05），但边缘组和优秀组相比，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。【结论】ADHD儿童行为因子得分存在性别差异；随年龄增大行为问题有增加的趋势；智商边缘者更容易出现行为问题。[Objective] To analyse behavior problems of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） in different gender, age groups and intelligence quotient levels. [Methods] 321 children fulfilled ADHD criteria of DSM-Ⅳ were further examined by using the Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL） and Raven＇s standard progressive matrices（CRT）, compared the differences of behavioral problems in different gender, age groups and intelligence quotient levels. [Results] The scores of boys in hyperactivity, aggressive and violate behavior were significantly higher than those of girls, while the scores of girls in withdrawn and depressed behaviors were significantly higher than those of boys. The behavior problem frequencies increased as the ADHD children became older. The frequencies of social problems, hyperactivity, aggressive and violate behavior in 9 - 11 years group were more than those in the 6 -8 years group（P〈0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in behavior problem frequencies among children with intelligence quotient （IQ≥120）, between 80 to 119 and 70 to 79, but the frequencies in children （IQ between 70 and 79） were much higher than that in children with IQ≥120. [Conclusion] The scores of behavioral factor are significantly different between boys and girls. The behavior problem frequencies increased as the ADHD children became older,and it is much more in children with IQ between 70 and 79 group.

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 行为 年龄 智商 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]