山西小麦品种资源醇溶蛋白组成的遗传变异  

GENETIC VARIATION OF GLIADIN COMPOSITION OF WHEAT VARIETIES IN SHANXI

作　　者：孙黛珍[1] 杨海峰[1,2] 王曙光[1] 曹亚萍 杨武德[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾042400

出　　处：《核农学报》2009年第6期939-946,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员择优资助项目(2008);山西省科技攻关项目(2007031001-6);山西农业大学博士启动资金和博士后资金

摘　　要：利用A-PAGE技术,比较分析了近40年来山西小麦育成品种、外引品种和山西地方品种在醇溶蛋白组成上的差异,从而揭示山西小麦品种醇溶蛋白的遗传变异。结果表明:山西育成品种与外引品种比地方品种醇溶蛋白谱带数目分别增加了2.1和1.5条。在70条迁移率不同的谱带中,26条在育成品种和外引品种中出现频率明显高于地方品种,23条明显降低,其余的21条变化规律不明显;分区来看,与地方品种比较,育成品种ω区谱带数目及谱带出现频率的增减变化最大,其次是γ区,β和α区变化最小。同时发现16.5和19.1为双联带,12.9、15.71、7.8为三联带,二者都在ω区但总不同时出现。对3种类型品种的遗传差异分析发现,地方品种间的平均遗传距离明显大于其他2类品种;聚类分析也发现,大多数地方品种、山西育成品种和外引品种总是各自分别聚在同一亚类,表明地方品种与山西育成品种和外引品种之间编码醇溶蛋白的基因位点存在较大差异,同时也说明近40年来山西育成品种之间、外引品种之间醇溶蛋白的遗传变异水平不高。In order to discover genetic variation of gliadin composition of wheat varieties in Shanxi, A-PAGE method was used to analyze difference of gliadin composition and genetic diversity of 214 varieties including local bred, introduced and landraees wheat in recent 40 years. The results were as follows： number of gliadin band increased by 2.1 and 1.5 in bred and introduced wheat varieties compared to Shanxi landraces. In total 70 bands, the frequency of 26 bands detected from bred and introduced euhivars was up, 23 down, 21 no regular pattern compared to Shanxi landraces. In 4 gliadin zones, variation of types and frequency of gliadin band in ω zone was largest, γ was the second, β and α was smallest. Two band block of 16.5 and 19.1, and three band block of 12.9, 15.7 and 17.8 were tested in ω zone, but they do not express in the same variety. Mean of genetic distance in Shanxi wheat landraces was larger than those in other two type wheat cultivars. The cluster analysis found that euhivars of landraces, bred or introduced were divided into the same group, which showed genetic difference of loci encoded gliadin in Shanxi wheat landraces was larger than the other two type wheat cultivars, namely, the level of genetic variation of gliadin in bred or introduced cultivars was not high in the last 40 years.

关 键 词：小麦 醇溶蛋白 遗传演变 A-PAGE 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] Q945.11[生物学—植物学]