接触引起的‘刚度增加’现象的机理  

Mechanism of 'Stiffness Increase' Phenomenon Induced by Contacts

作　　者：王士敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院动力学与控制系,北京100191

出　　处：《力学季刊》2009年第4期503-510,共8页Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10672006)

摘　　要：研究了转子和定子碰摩时振幅的跳跃现象,利用响应相位特征解释了接触诱发‘刚度增加’的机理。当转子与定子之间的间隙足够大时,转子在临界转速达到最大振幅,然后迅速衰减。如果与定子发生接触或碰撞,它们之间的接触将在很宽的速度范围得以维持,即便是转速已经远离临界转速。这一现象也称为‘刚度增加’或‘硬化’(stiffness increase or stiffening)。研究结果表明,形成该现象的机理是由于接触的作用,使得激励与振动响应的相位差保持在小于π/2的范围内。并且振幅跳跃与相位跃迁相伴出现。实验结果也验证了这一结论。The jump phenomenon of vibration amplitude was investigated for rubbing rotor and stators, and the phase characteristics of response was used to explain the mechanism of ‘stiffness increase＇ phenomenon induced by contacts, In the case with sufficient gap, the vibration amplitude of the rotor reaches its maximum at critical speed and then rapidly decreases. However, if the rotor contacts with stator, the contact is maintained within wide speed range even though the speed is far from the critical one. This is called ‘stiffness increase＇ or ＇stiffening＇ phenomenon. The research result indicates that because of the effects of contact, the phase difference of the excitement and the response is kept in a scope less than π/ 2, therefore the contact is lasted in a long duration, and the vibration amplitude jump is companied with phase difference transition. These phenomenons are verified with experimental results.

关 键 词：碰摩转子 刚度增加现象 相频特性 

分 类 号：O32[理学—一般力学与力学基础]