双寡头市场中面向R&D产品的企业R&D策略  

R&D strategies of firm facing on product R&D in duopoly market

作　　者：方海燕[1,2] 达庆利[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院,南京210096 [2]金陵科技学院商学院,南京210001

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第6期1258-1262,共5页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20030286008)

摘　　要：为了研究企业的研究与开发(R&D)策略,建立了双寡头市场中面向R&D产品的两阶段博弈模型:第一阶段企业进行R&D投资以提高产品质量;第二阶段企业在市场中进行古诺竞争.用逆向归纳法求出了4种R&D策略下的古诺-纳什均衡解.研究表明,R&D非合作策略与R&D卡特尔策略相比,从利润最大化角度考虑,企业应该选择R&D卡特尔策略;在溢出效应较低且产品差异不大条件下,从产品产量与质量角度考虑,企业应选择R&D非合作形式;在溢出效应较高且产品水平差异较大的条件下,R&D卡特尔更能推动产品质量、产量和企业利润的提高,并且可以改善社会总体福利,因此,企业应选择R&D卡特尔策略.在4种R&D策略中,从产品质量、产量、利润以及福利最大化角度考虑,研究联合体策略优于其他任何一种策略.A two-stage game model is established in a differentiated duopoly market with product RD（research and development） for researching firm＇s RD strategies： At stage 1 RD expenditure is invested by the firms in order to enhance product quality,at stage 2 the quantity is set in a condition of Cournot competition.The Cournot-Nash equilibrium solutions are acquired with four RD strategies by backward induction.Noncooperation RD strategy is compared with cartel RD strategy.It is shown that,compared with noncooperation RD strategy,cartel RD strategy should be selected as the cooperation form by the enterprise from the consideration of maximum enterprise profits.Under the condition that the spillover is weak and products are not too differentiated,noncooperation at both RD stage and product marketing stage should be chosen through the perspectives of output and quality.Under the condition that the spillover is strong and products are very different,cartel RD in the RD stage should be chosen since it could promote product quality,output and enterprise profit,as well as social welfare.In the four RD strategies which are compared in this paper,the RJV（Research Joint Venture） RD strategy is slightly superior to any other form from the view of maximum quality,output,profit and welfare.

关 键 词：古诺竞争 R&D产品 市场绩效 产业组织政策 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]