中西方美本质论的嬗变及反思  

Transmutation and Reflection of Essentialism on Aesthetics in China and West

作　　者：郭昭第[1] 

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院文史学院,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《天水师范学院学报》2009年第6期75-80,共6页Journal of Tianshui Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学项目"中国文学经典的生命智慧研究"(08BZW010)阶段性成果

摘　　要：中西方美学从古代开始就有本质主义与反本质主义的倾向,只是主流话语不约而同地选择了本质主义,乃至形成了诸多美本质论。中国美本质论大体上围绕人们的生命体验而展开,从起初对自我生理感官愉悦的关注,逐渐提升为人类共同的善认识,乃至宇宙万物本真生命本性的领悟等视域逐渐扩大、层次不断提高的特征。西方美本质基本围绕客体本体论、主体本体论乃至主客体本体论而发展,呈现出诸如从宏大视野到狭隘视域,从自然宇宙之美到艺术之美等视域逐渐缩小,从形而上哲学到心理本能等层次逐渐降低的特征。中西方美学的共同缺憾是未能很好地继承老子、苏格拉底的反本质主义倾向,而走向了日益严峻乃至徒劳的本质主义。对美的正确态度应该是继承东方美学特有的一元论或不二论思维方式,既肯定本质又否定本质,乃至形成不取不舍、智慧圆融的观点。Aesthetics in China and West had tendency to essentialism and anti-essentialism from ancient times. Only the mainstream utterance chose the essentialism and resulted in many sayings about essence of aesthetics. The common defects of Chinese and Western aesthetics lie with the fact that Laozi and Socrates＇s anti-essentialism were not well inherited, but advance towards more serious and even fruitless essentialism. The proper attitude should be to carry on monism and advaita peculiar to oriental aesthetics, affirming and negating essence.

关 键 词：中西方美 本质论 嬗变 反思 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]