生命需要心理学理论与生命教育方法  

Life Psychology Theory and Educational Methods

作　　者：孙赫 

机构地区：[1]北京心灵之声学前儿童教育咨询中心,北京100087

出　　处：《心理学探新》2009年第6期16-22,36,共8页Psychological Exploration

摘　　要："生命需要心理学理论与生命教育方法"是研究者开展了为期五年的生命发展研究后获得的心理学与教育学的研究成果。五年中,研究者以0～6岁正常学前儿童为对象,对其实行生命发展教育,获取了大量的生命发展事实,证明了:1)人类生命具有人人可遵循的生长发展规律——"需要"的生长发展规律;2)"需要"的生物性基础的早期建构是"需要"生长发展规律的核心内容;3)马斯洛的"需要层次"中心理需要的低级阶段——"安全需要"之前还存在一个生命的原始需要——以"新奇、探索、操作"为对象的"需要",其贯穿在0～6岁的儿童早期生命阶段;4)0～6岁时期,"儿童需要"不是恒定的、稳定的、成熟的心理机能,而是处在生长过程中。"需要"强度的提升是0～6岁时期以"需要"为核心的心理整体建构的鲜为人知的生命法则;5)0～6岁时期"需要"的良好建构,使"需要"水平达到推动生命走向"需要"的最高层次——"自我实现需要"的强度;6)"需要层次"与生命质量存在着内在关联;7)儿童"原始需要"满足的方法为:在儿童"原始需要"机能强度与寓含"新奇、探索、操作"属性的"原始需要"对象即外部刺激之间建立起犹如昆虫与花类般默契的真正联系。The researchers of ＂Life psychology theory and educational methods,＂ With all his life development experience to give his own experience as traceable life development practice.And after the researcher＇s own experience at being normal children at Montessori education about the development of the meaning of life with the life situation of the important discoveries have been inspired by the researchers given the development of the meaning of life,carrying out a five year life development research.1.use 5-6 year old normal pre-school children as target.educate for their life development.In this five years,there are a lot of life development fact,proves access to the many lives of the development of evidence which proves：（1）There is a growth and development law which is adapted by everyone in human life.that is the growth and development law of needing.（2）the core of these laws is the early construction of the biological bases of needing.（3）in the centre theory of the needing levels,Maslow appoints that the lower stage of needing-which is the original need of life before security needing-is the need for novelty（4）during the period of 0 to 6 ages,the mental mechanism of ＂kids needing＂ is variable,unstable,and immature but grows step by step.（5）0-6-year-old during the ＂need＂ a good build,so that ＂need＂ level towards the promotion of life ＂need＂ the highest level-＂self-actualization needs＂ strength;（6）＂required level＂ to the quality of life exist an intrinsic correlation;（7）children ＂original required＂ to meet the way.For human life generally provides the best theory and way of practice

关 键 词：生命教育 需要 需要生长发展规律 生命生长发展规律 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学] G40[文化科学—教育学原理]