从春秋道德观看春秋外交辞令  

A Study on the Diplomatic Languages in the Spring and Autumn Period from the Perspective of Courtesy and Morals of That Era

作　　者：王立[1] 

机构地区：[1]外交学院基础教学部,北京100037

出　　处：《南阳师范学院学报》2009年第11期39-42,共4页Journal of Nanyang Normal University

摘　　要：道德观念在春秋时期具有极大的作用。周礼即是中原各诸侯国共同遵守的法则,符合该法则谓之礼,不合则为非礼。将礼与德有机地融为一体,就是为政的最高要求。"外德则睦;否,将携贰"是争取诸侯的一种非战争的理想手段。宋襄公的"于古为义,于今为笑"的做法,说明了当时在战争中恪守道德规范还是广为提倡的。所以,春秋外交辞令显现出委婉、恭敬、含蓄的特点是符合当时道德观念要求的。Courtesy and morals played a huge role in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Rites of Zhou was a code of conduct that all vassal states in the Central Plains regions of China commonly abided by. Acts which accorded with this code of conduct were deemed to be in line with ceremonial rites and regulations, and vice versa. Striving for the integration of both courtesy and morals was the paramount political ideal at that time. What was described as ＂Harmony and peace can be guaranteed only when virtue and benevolence are administered in dealing relations with others, otherwise desertion or division by others is inevitable＂ is an ideal way of winning the espouses from other vassal states through a non-combating the state Song were derided by posterity as means. The acts conducted by the Duke Xiang of ＂being righteous in the eyes of the ancients but derisible in the eyes of the present people＂, which, to certain degree, might testify to the fact that at that time, scrupulously abiding by moral norms was widely advocated at wars. Therefore, the diplomatic languages in the Spring and Autumn Period featuring mildness, humility, and implicitness were in line with the dominant norms of courtesy and morals of that age.

关 键 词：春秋道德观 外交辞令 

分 类 号：K225[历史地理—历史学]