有效微生物群(EM)中抑藻酵母及其活性物质特性  

Inhibition of algae with yeast in effective micro-organisms (EM) and their active extracellular matters

作　　者：叶秋雯[1] 王志平[1] 于晓娟[1] 丁丛[1] 蔡伟民[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第6期2033-2038,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：上海市科委(052312057)

摘　　要：采用选择性培养基从有效微生物群(EM)中富集出酵母菌,通过向对数增长期的混合藻液中加入酵母菌、葡萄糖、酵母菌+葡萄糖、经酵母菌发酵除菌后的葡萄糖溶液分别考察了其对水华藻的抑制效应。结果表明,混合酵母菌自身对于水华藻没有抑制作用,单独添加葡萄糖的水华藻甚至出现快速增殖;而在添加葡萄糖+酵母菌或酵母菌发酵液的实验中水华藻近似被完全抑制,最大抑制率达97%。据此可知,抑制水华藻增殖的并非酵母菌自身,而是具有高热稳定性的胞外分泌物。HPLC-SEC与三维荧光光谱分析表明,酵母菌发酵液中含有明显的芳环类羧酸及蛋白质物质,但由于其在高温灭菌后仍有良好的抑藻活性,因而进一步确定其抑藻活性物质为含苯环的有机酸。此外,依据对实验中水华藻细胞形态的显微镜观察,该酸性胞外物可能是通过破坏藻细胞的叶绿体结构来达到抑藻效果的。In this study, yeasts in Effective Micro-organisms （EM） as well as their extracellular matters were used to inhibit the growth of algae. According to the results of inhibition experiment with yeasts, glucose, yeast ＋ glucose, as well as the zymolytic glucose solution, extracellular organic matters were determined as the active fractions in the inhibition of bloom-algae, which maintained the chlorophyll concentration below the initial concentration during the 20 days experiment. With the help of high press liquid chromatography-size exclusion chromatography （HPLC-SEC） and Excitation-Emission Fluorescence （EEM）, the active fractions were further determined as carboxylic acid containing with aromatic unit. Moreover, observation of algal cell with microscope revealed that structures of inhibited algal cells were still intact, but the chlorophylls in cells were decreased greatly. Therefore, algae might be inhibited by the damage of chlorophyll with the aromatic carboxylic acid.

关 键 词：有效微生物群(EM) 酵母菌 胞外分泌物 水华藻 抑制 

分 类 号：Q143[生物学—生态学]