深圳湾海域浮游植物的生态特征  

Ecological Characteristics of Phytoplankton in Shenzhen Bay

作　　者：孙金水[1,2] WAI Onyx Wing-Hong 戴纪翠[1,2] 倪晋仁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院,城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,深圳518055 [2]北京大学环境工程系,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [3]香港理工大学土木工程系,中国香港

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第1期63-68,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：深圳市环境保护局专项课题项目

摘　　要：根据香港环境保护署2006年1～12月份深圳湾浮游植物的监测数据,分析了深圳湾海域浮游植物的植物群落结构的时空变化特征及浮游植物多样性指数与环境因子的关系.结果表明,2006年在深圳湾海域共鉴定出浮游植物27属34种,主要类群是硅藻,占总种数的52.94%,其次是甲藻,占总种数的29.41%,其他藻类占总种数的17.65%.浮游植物细胞丰度的年波动范围在2.13×106～4.15×106cells/L之间,平均值为2.92×106cells/L,并且在秋季(10月)最高,春季(5月)次之,呈明显的双周期变化特征,平面分布表现为由海湾中部向湾口处递减的格局.浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度偏低,其中多样性指数变化范围在0.76～2.52之间,均匀度范围在0.29～0.74之间,反映出种类间个体数分布欠均匀,群落结构稳定性差,优势种优势度明显.研究海区物种丰度整体水平较低,浮游植物物种丰度指数变化范围在0.57～2.17之间,这与深圳湾海域水质污染严重而导致该海域生态环境恶化有一定关系.研究还表明,营养盐、盐度和溶解氧与浮游植物多样性指数之间呈现显著相关关系.Based on the data of surface phytoplankton investigated by Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in Shenzhen Bay in 2006,variation characteristics of phytoplankton communities and the relationship between the phytoplankton diversity indices and environmental factors were analyzed in the present paper.Results showed that a total of 27 genera and 34 species of phytoplankton were identified.Of these,18 were diatoms（52.94%）,10 were dinoflagellates（29.41%）,6 were from other minor groups（17.65%）.The cell abundance was estimated to be from 2.13×10^6 to 4.15×10^6 cells/L,with an average of 2.92×10^6 cells/L.The maximum cell abundance appeared in the autumn（October）,followed in spring（May）.The cell abundance showed double abundance peaks annually.The cell abundance of phytoplankton decreased from the middle bay to the bay mouth.In the marine area,the diversity index of the phytoplankton ranged from 0.76 to 2.52;the evenness of phytoplankton ranged from 0.29 to 0.74;the diversity and evenne.ss of phytoplankton community were rather low,which indicated that the relative abundances of the species diverged from evenness,phytoplankton community were not steady,and only few dominant species increased rapidly.The species richness index ranged from 0.57 to 2.17,the high eutrophic water body caused the species richness index declined.Better relationship was found between phytoplankton diversity indices and nutrient,salinity,dissolved oxygen.

关 键 词：深圳湾 细胞丰度 物种丰度 多样性指数 均匀度 环境因子 

分 类 号：X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]