284名饭店打工妹抑郁现状及其影响因素研究  

Study on Depressive Symptoms and associated Factors among 284 Migrant Female Adolescents working in restaurants

作　　者：李军 张洪波[2] 张正红[2] 王强[3] 陈琳[2] 王君[2] 魏锁[2] 宇方[2] 段毓雯[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市包河区妇幼保健所,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032 [3]蚌埠市疾病预防控制中心,安徽蚌埠233010

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2009年第6期441-443,475,共4页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：全球基金第三轮艾滋病项目(No.CHN-304-G03-H)

摘　　要：目的了解饭店打工妹抑郁现状,探讨其与社会资本和社会网络的关系。方法本研究为横断面调查。选取合肥市12家饭店、蚌埠市14家饭店为研究现场,以在饭店打工、农村户口、16～24岁、未婚女性为研究对象。采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对其抑郁症状进行评定。抑郁评分≥20分界定为有抑郁症状;采用自编问卷评估社会资本和社会网络。结果调查对象平均年龄20.18岁,抑郁症状检出率为46.5%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,打工妹年龄平均每增加3岁,抑郁症状发生的危险性降低到0.609倍;单亲或父母再婚家庭是抑郁症状发生的危险因素(OR=2.542);认知社会资本为中下等、中上等及上等者发生抑郁症状的危险性较下等者均降低(OR=0.483、0.511、0.254)。结论饭店打工妹抑郁症状检出率高,尤其是年龄小、来自单亲或父母再婚家庭者。完善社会保障制度,增强社会诚信氛围、加大社会支持力度,可提高认知社会资本,降低抑郁症状发生的危险性。Objective To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and relationship between depressive symptoms and social capital,and social networks among migrant female adolescents working in restaurants.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 284 unmarried females who aged from 16 to 24 years old and were selected by convenience sampling.They worked in restaurants in Hefei and Bengbu,moving to cities from rural areas.Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（CES-D） was used to evaluate depressive symptoms that were sentenced by total scores≥20.Self-compiled items were applied to assess social capital and social networks.Social capital included five dimensions and social networks included size and density.Results The average age of participants was 20.18 years old.The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 46.5%.Logistic Regression Analysis showed that with average age of participants increasing 3 years,the risk of depressive symptoms could decrease（OR=0.609）.Cognitive social capital was protective factor of depressive symptoms and living with single parent or remarried parents（OR=2.542） was associated with high risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusion Public health services should pay attention to migrant female adolescents working in restaurants,especally who were younger and came from single or remarried families.Improving cognitive social capital would decrease the risk of depressive symptoms dcveloping.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 横断面调查 女性 社会资本 社会网络 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]